| In recent years,it is more and more common for dogs to suffer from intervertebral disc herniation,mild cases will cause pain and paresis,severe cases will cause paralysis,affecting the quality of life of dogs,and the age of onset of dogs is concentrated in young and middle-aged dogs,it is particularly important to improve the quality of life and owner satisfaction of dogs.With the popularization of high-order imaging,the diagnosis of intervertebral disc dogs is usually carried out by CT or MRI,this article through retrospective analysis of collected cases,from neurological,imaging,cytology diagnosis and clinical symptoms,treatment and prognosis combined analysis,compare X-ray,CT and MRI imaging results,analyze the images,and find out the most suitable diagnostic methods and grading methods;Based on the experience of past cases,it can provide better treatment and management plans for subsequent infected dogs,improve the quality of life of infected dogs and the satisfaction of owners.In this study,the 2020-2022 cases of dogs with intervertebral disc herniation in an animal hospital in Wuhan were collected,and the collection criteria were cases with intervertebral disc disease and no other diseases causing similar symptoms,and the cases diagnosed with intervertebral disc herniation by CT or MRI examination,including basic information,medical history,clinical symptoms,neurological examination,blood examination,imaging examination(including CT,MRI and a small number of X-rays),cytology,and paying close attention to the treatment effect and prognosis of animals.A total of 172 cases of disc herniation were collected.The imaging indicators of intervertebral disc herniation were cross-analyzed with clinical symptoms,including the horizontal position of disc herniation(central,paracentral,lateral,and extremely lateral),cross-sectional position(a,b,c,d),sagittal position(I.,II.,III.),the shape of protrusions in CT images(hilly,arc,island,flocculent),nerve roots in MRI images(whether they are compressed),spinal cord signals(whether signals are abnormal),Hansen classification,Pfirrmann classification,Clinical symptom severity was measured by neurological grades(I,II,III,IV,V).The treatment of animals was retrospectively analyzed,and the animals with different treatments were classified and counted,and the neurological grading and treatment methods were crossanalyzed,including oral drugs,subcutaneous injection drugs,acupuncture,laser,surgical treatment,or several of these combinations.The prognosis of animals and imaging indicators,owner feeding and nursing situation cross-analysis,imaging indicators include horizontal plane protrusion type,cross-sectional protrusion type,nerve root condition,owner nursing includes whether to restrict exercise,whether to feed health care drugs Daluo pills and cobalamin,the prognosis is divided into good prognosis and poor prognosis,because conservative treatment of intervertebral disc disease can not be cured,does not affect normal life,and the quality of life before the disease is not much different for good prognosis,affects normal life,quality of life is significantly reduced to poor prognosis.Through statistical analysis,teddy dogs were the breed with the highest incidence in terms of breeds,accounting for 32.56%.From the perspective of age,3-6 years old is the peak period of incidence;In terms of sex,male dogs had the most incidence,accounting for 51.74%;From the BCS body condition score,4 points(5-point scale)accounted for the most sick dogs,41.28%;From the behavioral point of view,more up and down the sofa,more up and down stairs,and more times of standing will induce the occurrence of diseases;Hansen type I.,isolated and flocculent,II.,III.,lateral and extremely lateral intervertebral disc herniation,nerve root compression,spinal cord T2 WI signal are seriously related to neurological symptoms.The lateral type is associated with extreme lateral prominence,and nerve root compression is associated with poor prognosis;B-domain,C-domain,and D-domain type prominence,and unrestricted movement were associated with higher recurrence rates.Taking Macro Activation Pills and cobalamin was associated with lower recurrence rates.The diagnostic sensitivity of X-ray was 40%,that of CT was 83.33%,and that of MRI was98.67%.MRI is currently the best diagnostic method for canine disc herniation,which can directly observe the state of the spinal cord and nerve roots.CT diagnosis is not as sensitive as MRI,but it can more clearly observe the shape and location of calcified discs than MRI,and the scanning speed is faster,which is suitable for surgical access positioning during intervertebral disc surgery.X-ray sensitivity is minimal,but anesthesia is not required and can be used as an adjunct diagnostic tool when CT and MRI are not available.Among the imaging indexes,the indicators with high correlation with symptom severity were the horizontal position of intervertebral disc herniation,nerve root and spinal cord status,and the possibility of severe clinical symptoms caused by lateral and extremely lateral type,nerve root compression and MRI T2 WI spinal cord signal is more likely.The indicators with high correlation with prognosis include the horizontal position of intervertebral disc herniation,the cross-sectional position of intervertebral disc herniation and the state of the nerve root,the possibility of lateral and extremely lateral type,and the poor prognosis caused by nerve root compression,and the possibility of recurrence after conservative treatment due to the prognosis of the B-domain,C-domain,and D domain herniation in the cross-section.Surgery is recommended for the above cases with a high probability of poor prognosis,conservative treatment has little effect,and the rest of the situation can be treated conservatively.In order to reduce the occurrence and recurrence of the disease,it is recommended to lose weight,exercise moderately,reduce behaviors such as going up and down the sofa,going up and down stairs,standing,etc. |
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