Study On The Diagnostic Value Of Imaging Technique In Experimental Knee Joint Osteoarthritis

The purpose of this study to establishment of a canine model of knee osteoarthritis. Imaging technology high-frequency ultrasound and X-ray were used to evaluate the diagnostic value at detecting of the canine knee osteoarthritis disease. The IL-1β, TNF-α and HA concentration were detected in serum and synovial fluid of the model group and control group in different stages. The clinical diagnosis value of change of them was evaluated at canine knee osteoarthritis.The 36 dogs were randomly divided into model group and control group.The knee osteoarthritis model was established by improving anterior cruciate ligament cutting method.The joint capsule was sutured after cuting open in control group. The knees were observated by visual observation, histology experiment, high-frequency ultrasound, X-ray and Mankin scores in 4,8 and 12 weeks respectively. IL-1β、TNF-α and HA of Serum and synovial fluid of model group and control group were collected and detected with ELISA in 4,8 and 12 weeks.The results showed that (1) The cartilage degradation aggravated in visually was observed. The irreversible cartilage damage was obvious on light microscopy in model group.The Mankin score was significantly group difference(P< 0.05) between the model group and control. The model was successfully established. (2) Model group were examined by high-frequency ultrasound:joint effusion, synovial thickening, irregular articular cartilage were observed in week 4;joint effusion, synovial hypertrophy, slightly protruding surface, articular cartilage local defects and blurred edges were observed in week 8; joint effusion, synovial uneven, rough articular cartilage surface were observed in week 12. Knee joint effusion thinning, condylar cartilage density decreasing and canine synovial thickening of model group were examed by high-frequency ultrasound with time. Measurement of canine cartilage thinning,patellar bursa effusion and synovial thickening were significantly group difference(P< 0.05) between the model group and control in4,8 and 12 weeks.Model group were examined by X-ray:Only density image increased of triangular knee ligament fat pad were observed in week 4;Medium density image of triangular knee ligament fat pad,slightly narrowed knee gap, density of subchondral bone increased slightly were observed in week 8; Obviously narrowed canine knee gap, osteophytes growing on edge, articular surface roughness,sharpened of tibial medial and femoral condyle crest, and density of subchondral bone increased significantly were observed in week 12.(3)The concentration of IL-1β, TNF-α and HA of serum and synovial fluid were significantly group difference(P< 0.05) between the model group and control in 4,8 and 12 weeks. With serious of canine model group, the concentration of IL-1β, TNF-α of synovial fluid and serum of canine model group showed a gradually increasing trend,the concentration of HA of synovial fluid and serum of canine model group were decreased.These results suggest that the damage of canine knee osteoarthritis were reactioned early by high-frequency ultrasound, the sensitive of joint effusion increasing and synovial thickening were examed by high-frequency ultrasonic than X-rays. The advanced disease of canine knee osteoarthritis were examed by X-ray better than high-frequency ultrasound,such as joint space narrowing, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophytes growing.A simple, safe and effective way of image diagnosis provided for the osteoarthritis. The components changes of synovial fluid and serum of canine knee osteoarthritis model closely related to pathogenesis,as a clinical indicators reaction to disease course.