Study On Spatial Differentiation Of High-standard Farmland Intensive Use Behavior Of Rural Households In Urban Suburbs

Food,as an important item affecting the national economy and people’s livelihood,is an important foundation for economic development,social stability and sovereignty independence,and ensuring food security is the top priority of governing the country.Arable land provides the space carrier of agricultural production activities and is the most basic production factor of grain production.With the rapid development of economy,the continuous advancement of urbanization and industrialization,the expansion of construction land will inevitably occupy cultivated land.In addition,the adjustment of agricultural structure,ecological return to farmland and other factors also cause the continuous loss of cultivated land resources.The contradiction between the decrease of cultivated land resources and the huge total food demand in our country makes the limited cultivated land resources bear the huge production pressure.How to optimize the cultivated land use mode according to local conditions to alleviate the increasingly tense relationship between people and land is an important issue that the government and academic circles have paid close attention to for a long time.In the face of the limited increase of cultivated land area and the irreversible use of cultivated land in the short term,while protecting the existing cultivated land,intensive use of cultivated land to tap the potential of cultivated land resources has become the only way to ensure national food security.Accelerating the construction of high-standard farmland is an important starting point to protect and improve the quality of cultivated land in China and promote the intensive use of cultivated land.As the essence of cultivated land,the reasonable utilization of the built high-standard farmland is directly related to the effect of government investment and farmland protection policy,and it is particularly important to promote the intensive use of high-standard farmland.As a transitional zone between urban areas and pure rural areas,urban suburbs are affected significantly by urbanization and industrialization.Different from traditional agricultural areas,land use change in this region is sensitive,complex and unstable.It is of great significance to study the intensive use of high-standard farmland in urban suburbs.The utilization of cultivated land resources is essentially a kind of farmer’s behavior at the micro scale.As the main body of land utilization,farmer’s behavior directly determines the utilization efficiency of cultivated land and whether it can be rationally utilized.The key to promote the intensive use of cultivated land is to explore the difference law of farmers’ behavior choice in the intensive use of cultivated land,so as to correctly guide farmers’ behavior of cultivated land use towards reasonable intensification.The agriculture of Jiuyuan District of Baotou City is a typical suburban agriculture,and it is also a pilot demonstration area to promote the implementation of high-standard farmland.Therefore,this study takes it as a typical area,and mainly adopts statistical analysis methods and builds econometric models.By comparing and analyzing the basic characteristics,ownership and utilization of high-standard farmland,intensive degree of high-standard farmland use,and output and economic benefits of high-standard farmland under different intensive land use behaviors of 204 households in three typical townships,Machi Town(near suburbs),Halinger Town(middle suburbs)and Haye Hutong Town(outer suburbs),from near to far from the urban center.From the perspective of micro-farmers,this paper tries to identify the main factors that affect the high-standard farmland use behavior of rural farmers in urban suburbs,and then reveals the spatial differentiation of farmers’ high-standard farmland use intensity.The results are as follows:The agriculture of Jiuyuan District of Baotou City is a typical suburban agriculture,and it is also a pilot demonstration area to promote the implementation of high-standard farmland.Under this background,it is urgent to grasp the utilization of high-standard farmland by farmers for further optimization.Therefore,this study takes this region as a typical area,and from the perspective of farmers’ high-standard farmland use behavior,investigates and analyzes the family conditions,high-standard farmland ownership and utilization,and high-standard farmland input of a total of 204 farmers in Machi Town(suburbs),Halinger Town(middle suburbs),and Haye Hutong Town(outer suburbs),which are located from near to far from the urban center.In addition,the agricultural intensity formula proposed by German agricultural economist Brinkmann was used to measure the intensity of farmers’ high-standard farmland use,in an attempt to identify the influencing factors of farmers’ high-standard farmland use behavior in urban suburbs,and on this basis,the spatial differentiation law of farmers’ high-standard farmland use intensity was revealed.The results are as follows:(1)There are obvious differences in the use of high-standard farmland by rural households in different areas of urban suburbs.In terms of multiple cropping index,the spatial distribution characteristics of urban suburbs > middle suburbs > outer suburbs were generally presented.In terms of planting arrangement,vegetables are mainly planted in the suburbs,field crops are mainly planted in the outer suburbs,and the middle suburbs are in between.(2)The comprehensive intensification degree of high-standard farmland utilization of farmers in different regions of urban suburbs presents the spatial distribution characteristics of suburban > middle suburb > outer suburb,that is,the comprehensive intensification degree of high-standard farmland utilization decreases with distance from urban center,which is in line with the traditional agricultural location theory.The spatial distribution of intensive use of high-standard farmland is the result of many factors.However,for the study area,the basic force that plays a decisive role in agricultural distribution is still locational land rent.The labor intensity,capital intensity and comprehensive intensity of high standard farmland use show the same spatial distribution characteristics.In terms of the composition of high-standard farmland use intensity,farmers in different areas of urban and suburban areas also have great differences in the quantity and quality of labor input,the total amount of yield-producing capital and the total amount of labor-saving capital.(3)Because of the different intensive land use behaviors adopted by farmers,the output and economic benefits of farmers’ high-standard farmland use are also different.In terms of yield per unit area of maize and wheat,the spatial distribution was in the suburbs > middle suburbs > outer suburbs,and the spatial distribution of economic benefits was consistent with that of main food crops.(4)Through the establishment of multiple linear regression model,the factors affecting the spatial differentiation of high-standard farmland intensive use by rural households in urban suburbs were quantitatively analyzed,and it was found that: The influence factors on the intensity of high-standard farmland use of farmers in different regions are different in effect direction,influence degree and significance level,among which agricultural income,high-standard farmland area of labor average and agricultural production subsidies have a common effect on the three regions.Based on the above research results,practical policy suggestions are put forward to provide scientific basis for optimizing the utilization of high-standard farmland in urban suburbs and promoting the efficient and rational utilization of high-standard farmland.