Development And Test Of Annular Collecting And Transporting Device For Potato Combine Harvester

In view of the requirements of potato combine harvester for low damage and high cleaning rate of potato harvest,the bottleneck restricting the development of domestic potato harvesters was analyzed,and the harvesting and transportation technology was taken as the main research direction,a circular collecting and transporting device was designed and developed to provide vertical transportation support for multiple cleaning of potato combine harvester.The specific research is as follows.1)Based on the research status at home and abroad,the problems of potato harvester were analyzed,and the significance of the annular potato collecting and transporting device for the development of potato combine harvester was expounded.The overall design scheme of the annular potato collecting and transporting device was formulated in combination with the operation requirements of the whole potato combine harvester.2)Based on the design of the overall function and space,the overall structure and working principle are described,and the key components of the annular potato collecting and transporting device are selected and designed,the operation direction of the annular potato collecting and transporting device and the cooperative operation mode of the lifting and transporting of the main body and the hauling conveyor belt are determined,and the dynamic and kinematic analysis of the lifted potato movement on the annular potato collecting and transporting device is carried out,The key factors affecting the potato damage and lifting efficiency were determined,and the radius of the lifting angle running track at the end of the lifting potato of the annular collecting and lifting device was determined to be600 mm.3)In order to determine the specific parameters of the key components of the annular potato collecting and transporting device,the size and matching form of the key components that affect the potato damage and lifting efficiency were simulated and analyzed.The EdemRecur Dyn coupling simulation was used to import the component model into the software and set the parameters according to the actual situation.Under the condition that the potato particles were generated at 24 t/h,the height of the lifting baffle,the inclination between the lifting baffle and the lifting conveyor belt Single-factor coupling simulation test shall be conducted for the distance between two adjacent lifting baffles and the linear speed of lifting belt,Taking the average and maximum impact forces of potato grain model in the transportation process as the test indicators,the height of the screen plate is 200 mm,the inclination of the screen plate is 76 °,and the spacing of the screen plate is 240 mm,and the parameter values are verified by taking the lifting operation speed as the factor.When the lifting operation speed is 0.9 ～1.1 m/s,the maximum impact force and the average impact force of potato grain are 150 ～154 N,18.5 ～20 N respectively,and the lifting effect is good.4)According to the actual potato lifting transportation volume and the optimized speed range after the coupling simulation in the previous chapter,the hydraulic transmission system suitable for the device is designed,the working principle of the hydraulic system is described,the transmission ratio of the transmission system is analyzed,and the displacement of the hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor is calculated in combination with the transmission ratio and the maximum running linear speed required for lifting the transportation belt;According to the working conditions of the device,the intelligent control system is introduced.Under the action of ultrasonic sensor,the linear speed of the lifting conveyor belt will automatically increase with the increase of the feeding amount,so as to ensure that the machine is always in the working state of high efficiency and low damage5)In order to determine the rationality of the parameter design of the key components of the device,bench tests and field tests were conducted on the device.The bench tests took the loading amount of potatoes,the running speed of the elevator conveyor belt,and the loading speed as the test factors,and conducted a three factor and three level orthogonal experiment with the peeling rate and the maximum collision acceleration as the evaluation indicators.Data analysis was conducted using the Design-Expert 10 software to obtain the corresponding impact rules,Through the parameter optimization module and combining the actual situation,the optimal parameter combination is obtained as follows: when the loading amount is 24.64t/h,the operating speed of the elevator conveyor belt is 0.95m/s,and the loading speed is 0.97m/s,the skin breaking rate is 1.03%,and the maximum collision acceleration is 58.65 g.Through field tests and validation tests,it was found that the lifting effect of the annular potato collecting and transporting device was good,and there was no phenomenon such as potato tumbling and falling.The lifting effect was good.When the entire machine was harvesting at 0.6 m/s,0.7 m/s,and 0.8 m/s,the potato damage rates were0.94%,1.06%,and 1.12%,and the skin breaking rates were 1.09%,1.21%,and 1.33%,respectively.