Screening And Evaluation Of Agronomic Traits,Resistance,and Quality Of 70 New Wheat Strains

Wheat is one of the main food crops in China,and its yield and quality are vital to the food security of the country.Currently,there are many new wheat lines in China,and there stand in need of new high-yielding,multi-resistant and high-quality varieties with excellent overall traits.In this trial,70 new wheat lines were eliminated by screening,and the agronomic traits,resistance and quality of the screened new wheat lines were identified and evaluated,with a view to selecting a batch of wheat lines with excellent comprehensive properties and providing a basis for variety selection in production.The main research results are as follows:1.70 new wheat lines were screened,and based on the results of field experiments designed using the inter comparison method,the average yield of the control variety Zhoumai18 on both sides of the wheat line interval was used as the comparison standard for small and medium-sized wheat lines in each interval.For lines exceeding 10% of the comparison standard,it was determined that the yield increased significantly;For strains that exceed the comparison standard by 5% and are less than 10%,further observation is required;For strains that exceed the comparison standard by less than 5% and have reduced production compared to the control variety,they will be eliminated;18 wheat strains were preliminarily screened.2.Among the 18 selected new wheat lines,6 had higher yields than the control variety Zhoumai 18,which were 20C0009,20C0013,20C0041,20C0053,20C0117,and 20C0195,respectively.The relevance analysis of the yield of the new wheat lines with the main agronomic traits make known that plant height was meaningfully and absolutely correlated with internode length and yield;effective spike number was meaningfully and absolutely correlated with yield;spike rate was also meaningfully and absolutely correlated with yield.The coefficients of mutation of the main agronomic characters of the new wheat lines showed that the coefficients of variation of the 11 agronomic traits were the number of pre-winter tillers,the length of the internodes under the spike and the thousand grain weight,which indicated that these three agronomic characters had rich genetic diversity and could provide excellent germplasm resources for the upgradation and breeding of correlated characters.3.Among the 18 selected new wheat lines,all of them had good cold resistance overall,among which the lines 20C0021,20C0117,and 20C0275 had good cold resistance evaluation;The proportion of lines showing resistance to stripe rust was 38.9%,and the proportion of susceptible lines was 61.1%.Among them,20C0105 and 20C0317 showed high resistance to stripe rust;The strain 20C0195 showed moderate resistance to scab,while the rest of the wheat lines showed susceptibility;In the identification of lodging resistance,20C0029,20C0041,20C0045,20C0117,and 20C0247 showed general resistance.20C0195 and 20C0275 expressed moderate resistance to pre-harvest germination,while the remaining wheat lines expressed moderate resistance moderate to high susceptibility.4.Among the 18 selected new wheat lines,the lines with better overall quality traits were20C0033,20C0041,20C0045,20C0105,20C0117,20C0219,20C0247,and 20C0275.By analyzing the variation of quality traits in new wheat strains,it was found that the quality traits with the maximum coefficient of variation were stability time and formation time,indicating that these two quality traits have significant differences among different materials,diverse variation types,and a large selection range.To sum up,three new wheat lines with excellent comprehensive characters were finally selected,namely 20C0041,20C0117 and 20C0195.