Agronomic Traits、disease Resistance And Quality Evaluation Of 26 New Wheat Lines

Wheat is one of the main food crops in China.At present,the new strains of wheat are numerous and complex,and how to select high-yield,high-yield,high-quality and adaptable strains has become an important issue that scientific researchers need to solve.It is of great practical significance to accelerate the breeding of new wheat varieties and to popularize them in large areas.In this study,26 new varieties of wheat newly developed by the Yangling Branch Center of the National Wheat Improvement Center were used as experimental materials,and 26 new varieties of agronomic characters,disease resistance,yield and quality traits were studied in Nanyang,Henan Province and Yangling,Shaanxi Province.It will provide the basis for further promoting the breeding of new varieties.The results of the study are as follows:1.In all the test lines of yield and agronomic traits,the unit area yield of Nanyang pilot was generally higher than that of Yangling,and the yield difference was extremely significant;In the Nanyang pilot,the unit area of the Xn-4 was the largest,559 kg/mu,while the unit area of Yangling pilot was only 436 kg/mu;The unit area yield of the strain Xn-8 was the second highest,556 kg/mu,while the unit area yield of the Yangling trial was only 437 kg/mu,and the strain Xn-4 and Xn-8 were in Nanyang.Both have strong productive performance.However,the yield performance of the two different experiments was very different,the yield performance stability was poor,and the adaptability was weak,but the production potential was large.The unit area yield of the Xn-6 in the Nanyang trial was 497 kg/mu,and the unit area yield of the Yangling trial was 453 kg/mu.The difference in yield performance was extremely insignificant,and the yield performance was stable and adaptable under different environmental conditions.There was no significant difference in the birth period,and they were precocious and mid-precocious.The strain height is about 80 cm,the height is moderate,and it is not easy to fall down;The number of acres of ears is concentrated in about 400,000 ears per Mu,which has potential fertility;The number of grain grains in the strains Xn-1,Xn-2,and Xn-8 has 41 grains,which has strong fluidity;The thousands of strains Xn-6 and Xn-14 weigh 50 grams.At the same time,the relative results of wheat yield and its main agronomic characters showed that the plant height was significantly positively related to the number of acres of ears and the weight of thousands of grains,and the increase of plant height was beneficial to the increase of the number of acres of ears and the weight of thousands of grains.The number of Mu ear and the number of grain were significantly positive correlation.At the same time,the yield of wheat was significantly related to plant height and grain number.2.The identification of winter and spring sex uses late sowing method to quantify the winter and spring nature(light sensitivity)of wheat varieties(lines),and by using Xinong 979(weak spring)as a control species,It can be judged that the products are Xn-5,Xn-10,Xn-12,Xn-13,which are late spring.The strains Xn-1,Xn-2,Xn-4,Xn-6,Xn-7,Xn-8,Xn-9,Xn-11 are semi-winter.At the same time,it was also found that the diurnal difference of the strain Xn-14 in the two places was different.Therefore,it is impossible to determine the winter and spring characteristics of the strain based on the diurnal difference of the spike period alone,and it is also necessary to combine traditional methods to make further judgments.3.Identification of resistance to disease resistance Among the 12 tested strains and control varieties,the strains Xn-17,Xn-20,and Xn-21 were resistant to red mildew.Correlation analysis showed that the longer the spikelets,the higher the plants,the earlier the flowering and the sparse spikelets were beneficial to increase the resistance of wheat gibberelles.The two germination tests of strain Xn-20 found that the germination rate was less than 20 %,and the ear germination resistance was the strongest,belonging to the full-growth disease resistance line;It is indicated that resistance may increase gradually with the development of wheat in seedling stage.High-sensitivity Stripe rust of strains Xn-17,Xn-23;The dead stem rate of the strains Xn-17 and Xn-20 was less than 10 %,and the cold resistance was good.The 1000-grain thermal sensitivity index of the strains Xn-17,Xn-20,and Xn-23 is less than 1 and belongs to the heat-resistant type.4.Quality identification The results of the identification of the quality traits of 26 wheat test lines were as follows: The crude protein dry group content of the line Xn-13 was the highest,17.7 g/100g;Xn-11 has the highest wet gluten content of 36.9 %;Xn-9 has the most water intake,65.5 ml/100g;Xn-8’s dough stability time is the longest,24 minutes;Xn-12 has the highest rate of powder production,73.8 %;The Xn-6 has the largest resistance and energy,926 EU and 191cm2 respectively.The strains Xn-1 to Xn-14 all reach strong or medium strong tendons.This type of wheat flour is suitable for making bread and noodles,and is often used as a wheat mixture for the preparation of special powder for the upper muscles;The strains Xn-15 to Xn-26 belong to medium-gluten wheat between strong gluten wheat and weak gluten wheat.The endosperm is semi-rigid or soft,and the flour muscle strength is moderate.It is suitable for the production of steamed bread,noodles and other foods.