Study On Sustainable Livelihood Of Fishermen Quit Fishing Under The Implementation Of The "Ten-year Fishing Ban" Policy In The Yangtze River

The policy of "ten years fishing ban" on the Yangtze River is another large-scale ecological protection compensation system implemented by China after "returning farmland to forest" and "returning grazing land to grassland".It is of great significance to improve the ecological environment of the Yangtze River and restore the biodiversity,and is also an important method to boost the green development of the Yangtze River Economic Zone.For the fishermen who "wash their feet ashore",whether they can successfully transfer to employment,whether their living conditions and ways of living will be improved after the transfer,and whether they can promote the overall local economic development,these questions deserve our attention.Four villages in Jiangxiang town,Nanchang city,Jiangxi province were chosen as the study case,the fishermen quit fishing in these four villages were chosen as the research object in this thesis.Questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview are used to investigation the livelihood of local fishermen,and then the appropriate livelihood capital of quantitative indicators are built.The livelihood of fishermen quit fishing before and after capital index are measured by entropy value method and the linear weighted method,and the results of the study are analyzed.The results show that:(1)The average value of comprehensive livelihood capital of fishermen is generally low.After quit fishing,the livelihood capital of fishermen increases to a certain extent,and the livelihood strategy has changed completely.At the same time,the change of livelihood strategy leads to great changes in the livelihood outcomes of fishermen,which has evolved from a single livelihood strategy of fishing and farming to a diversified livelihood strategy after quit fishing.After quit fishing,the fishermen enjoys multiple levels of government protection,which reduces the vulnerability of livelihoods to a certain extent.(2)After quit fishing,the livelihood capital of fishermen is improved,which is mainly due to the precise implementation of the compensation policy for the fishing ban in the Yangtze River.The precise implementation effectively promotes the significant improvement of human capital and financial capital,thereby accumulates livelihood capital and improved the livelihood quality and results of the fishermen after quit fishing.(3)The comprehensive level of livelihood capital of professional fishermen is lower than that of the part-time fishermen before quit fishing,but the comprehensive level of livelihood capital of professional fishermen is better than that of the part-time fishermen after quit fishing.The improvement rate of professional and part-time fishermen is 26.97%and 4.87%,respectively,and the enhancement of professional fishermen is significantly higher than that of the part-time fishermen,the main reason is that the cumulative policy compensation of professional fishermen is higher after quit fishing.(4)After quit fishing,the human capital and financial capital of fishermen increases to a certain extent,while the natural capital of fishermen decreased.Based on this,this thesis puts forward the following suggestions for the sustainable livelihood of the returning fishermen:(1)Strengthen the support of the difficult fishermen,and strengthen the guarantee of bottom-up services.(2)Focusing on the employment needs of fishermen,targeted entrepreneurship skills training was carried out.(3)Explore more low-threshold jobs and build a good bridge between fishermen and enterprises.(4)Vigorously develop public welfare jobs and actively guide the realization of local and nearby employment.(5)Encourage fishermen to start their own businesses and promote employment through entrepreneurship.(6)Support the "one village,one policy" of fishing villages,and open up the employment and income increase channels for returning fishermen.(7)We will develop modern fishing and agriculture and improve the economic benefits of fisheries.(8)We should do a good job in connecting fishermen with the society and effectively safeguard the interests of fishermen.