Study On The Assessment And Influencing Factors Of Livelihood Adaptability Of Returned Fishermen In Zhoushan City

Since the 1970 s,in order to address the gradual decline of marine fishery resources and the continuous deterioration of the marine ecological environment,China established the policy of no fishing period and no fishing zone for the first time in 1978.Afterwards,the government continuously increased its efforts to protect fishery resources and began implementing policies to reduce fishing boats and switch production for fishermen in key coastal and inland waters.Zhoushan City,as a coastal city with the largest offshore fishing grounds in China,actively promotes the "reduction of fishing vessels to production" of fishermen.While Zhoushan City has achieved great results in the transformation of fishermen to other industries,it has also faced the problem of a large number of retired fishermen struggling to make a living on shore.After retreating from fishing,whether fishermen can adapt to the new work environment and lifestyle habits,and the issues that arise in their livelihood adaptation are worthy of our special attention.This article takes Zhoushan City as the empirical research area,and based on the adaptability research framework,evaluates the current situation of livelihood adaptability of returning fishermen in Zhoushan City.It organizes the livelihood adaptation issues of returning fishermen,further explores the factors that affect their livelihood adaptability,and proposes corresponding countermeasures and suggestions based on the analysis results.Firstly,this article outlines the development context of the resettlement and conversion of fishing fishermen,and proposes the theoretical and practical significance of studying the adaptability of fishing fishermen to their livelihoods.Secondly,by reviewing existing research on the livelihood adaptation and conversion of fishermen,starting from the livelihood adaptation of retired fishermen,we design livelihood adaptation evaluationIII indicators from four dimensions: economic,social,cultural,and psychological.Through a questionnaire survey on the livelihood adaptation of retired fishermen in Zhoushan City,we collect data and use SPSS 22.0 to conduct factor analysis on each indicator,and calculate the weight of each indicator,Ultimately,the level of adaptability of birth control will be determined.The analysis results indicate that the overall livelihood adaptability index of the retired fishermen in Zhoushan City is close to the degree of "comparative adaptation",with the ranking of various dimensions of livelihood adaptability index:cultural adaptability>economic adaptability>social adaptability>psychological adaptability.Thirdly,using the multiple linear regression method,select the characteristic variables of physical capital,human capital,social capital,financial capital,and individual characteristics of returning fishermen,build an indicator system of influencing factors of livelihood adaptability of returning fishermen,and analyze the impact of physical capital,human capital,social capital,financial capital and individual characteristics of returning fishermen on their economy,society The impact of cultural and psychological dimensions on livelihood adaptability.The study found that the physical capital of retired fishermen significantly affected their economic adaptability,social adaptability and psychological adaptability,and had the greatest impact on their livelihood adaptability.Finally,in response to the livelihood adaptability problems and influencing factors of returning fishermen,this article proposes five suggestions: first,increase assistance to promote the reemployment of returning fishermen;second,strengthen the public service system and strengthen grassroots services;Third,improve the quality of returning fishermen and enhance their production and development capabilities;Fourth,improve the security system for returning fishermen and raise social security funds;Fifth,promote high-quality development of modern fisheries and vigorously develop recreational fisheries.