Blockchain-based Key Technology Research On Agricultural Product Traceability

In recent years,the safety of agricultural products has become a major concern in both academic and commercial sectors due to a series of incidents such as cadmium rice,sulphur ginger,and tainted bean sprouts.These incidents have seriously undermined consumers’ confidence in the agricultural industry,affecting not only the normal development of the economy but also endangering the stability of society.Achieving the supervision and traceability of information on the production and circulation of agricultural products is an effective measure to reduce agricultural safety incidents.However,the existing agricultural product traceability system has a single model with data stored in a centralized database,lacking transparency.Businesses can arbitrarily modify agricultural product quality data for their own interests,and regulatory authorities lack participation,resulting in low credibility of agricultural product quality.Blockchain technology can effectively solve these problems.The advantages of blockchain technology,such as decentralization,distributed storage,openness and transparency,and non-tamperability,can link participants and regulators in the agricultural product supply chain more closely.This can effectively solve the problems of the centralized traceability method,improving the safety and quality of agricultural food and changing many aspects of the agricultural industry.This thesis proposes key technology research of agricultural products traceability based on blockchain,taking into account the drawbacks of the existing agricultural product traceability system.The main research contents are as follows.1)A blockchain-based traceability scheme and model has been developed to address the issues of data invisibility and sensitive information leakage in existing agricultural traceability systems.The scheme and model utilize consortium chains and smart contracts,and cover the entire process of the agricultural supply chain.The data management model and smart contracts have been customized to ensure transparency and openness of agricultural production and circulation information.2)An improved practical Byzantine fault tolerance algorithm T-PBFT(Traceability-Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance)is proposed.To address the problems of high time delay,high system overhead,and limited support scale in the current application of combining agricultural products traceability with blockchain technology,an improved practical Byzantine fault tolerance algorithm,T-PBFT(Traceability-Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance),has been proposed.The algorithm takes into account the characteristics of the agricultural supply chain,optimizes the consistency protocol in the original algorithm,divides large-scale network nodes into different groups by response speed,and performs group consensus.It also proposes a credit model and voting mechanism,dynamically updates the node status according to the nodes’ behavior in consensus,evaluates the reliability of nodes,and serves as a basis for electing management nodes.Experimental results show that the improved PBFT consensus algorithm provides smaller latency and higher throughput for the agricultural traceability system,supports larger-scale traceability,effectively mitigates the communication problem between network nodes,and reduces the influence of malicious nodes.3)The traceability scheme,model,and improved consensus algorithm have been applied to the blockchain system,with the sale of organic rice serving as a case study.The system requirements and functions were analyzed,an outline design was carried out,and the organic rice traceability was implemented using the super ledger framework.The system performance was tested to ensure its practicality.The results indicate that an agricultural supply chain traceability system can achieve traceability and shareable information from farm to fork,break down information silos between enterprises,eliminate reliance on central organizations,improve the integrity,reliability,and security of transaction records,and rebuild public confidence in the safety of agricultural products.