Study On The Preparation Of Fermented Compound Chinese Medicine Feed Additive And Its Effect On Reproductive Performance Of Sows

Reducing maternal inflammation and improving the quality of milk is one of the important measures to improve the reproductive performance of sows.The purpose of this experiment is to develop a fermented compound Chinese medicine feed additive that helps to reduce maternal inflammation and improve the quality of sow milk through in vitro bacteriostatic test and feeding test to achieve the purpose of improving the reproductive performance of sows.The test is divided into the following three parts.Experiment 1: In vitro bacteriostatic effect test of fermented compound Chinese medicine additive.The Oxford cup method was used to compare the antibacterial effects of three fermented compound Chinese medicine additives A,B and C.The UHPLC-QE-MS non-targeted Chinese medicine metabolomics was used to identify the antibacterial components of fermented compound Chinese medicine additives :(1)Compared with liquid B and C,liquid A had the best inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli,Salmonella choleraesuis,Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae(P < 0.01).(2)The main active substances of fermented compound Chinese medicine liquid A were ellagic acid,guanine,camphor,L-valine,sinapic acid choline,protocurcumenol,acetylcholine,pyrogallic acid,ethyl gallate,demethyl wedelolactone,methyl gallate,kaempferol,asiatic acid,isorhamnetin,dihydroquercetin,eriodictyol,3 ′ 4 ′ 7 ′-trihydroxyflavanone,inositol and gallic acid;Experiment 2: Feeding effect test of fermented compound Chinese medicine additive in late pregnancy-lactation sows.Thirty healthy ’ Landrace × Yorkshire ’ pregnant sows with the same gestational age and body condition as the mating boars were randomly assigned to control group,experimental group 1 and experimental group 2,with 10 replicates in each group and 1 sow in each replicate.The sows in the control group were fed a basal diet,and the sows in the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 2were fed a basal diet supplemented with 50 g and 100 g fermented compound Chinese medicine additive A per head per day,respectively.The experiment lasted for 35 days from the 104 th day after mating to the 25 th day of lactation.The test results are as follows :(1)Supplemention of fermented compound Chinese medicine feed additive to sowincreased the amount of amniotic fluid.The average amount of amniotic fluid in the experimental group 1 was significantly higher than that in the control group(P < 0.05),and the average amount of amniotic fluid in the experimental group 2 was significantly higher than that in the experimental group 1(P < 0.05).(2)Sows fed 50 g fermented compound Chinese medicine feed additive per day had the best production performance.The number of live piglets at birth and weaned piglets per litter increased by 1.8 and 1.8,respectively,and the diarrhea rate of suckling piglets decreased by 3.4 % compared with the control group.(3)Supplementation of fermented compound Chinese medicine feed additive to sows reduced the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the content of anti-inflammatory cytokines in serum of sows and suckling piglets.Among them,the serum IL-1β content of sows and suckling piglets in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P < 0.05);(4)Supplementation of 50 g fermented compound Chinese medicine to sows significantly increased the fat content of colostrum(P < 0.01)and the solid content of non-fat milk(P < 0.05);(5)In the fecal microbial communities of sows and piglets,compared with the control group,the supplementation of 50 g fermented compound Chinese medicine had a tendency to reduce the bacterial richness index(Sobs,Ace,Chao1)and bacterial diversity index(Shannon)(P > 0.05).At the genus level,compared with the control group,the experimental group significantly increased the relative abundance of Romboutsia(P < 0.05),Family＿XIII＿AD3011＿group(P < 0.05),Roseburia(P < 0.05),Zoogloea(P < 0.05)and Megasphaera(P < 0.05),and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Anaerotruncus(P < 0.05).In addition,in the prediction of flora function,it was found that the experimental group significantly downregulated the abundance of related genes in human disease pathways,including “Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases” 、 “Cardiovascular Diseases”and “Substance Dependence”;(6)The concentrations of quercetin(p < 0.05),pinocembrin(p < 0.05),chlorogenic acid(p <0.01),methylsuccinic acid(p < 0.01),L-tryptophan(p < 0.05),adenosine triphosphate and guanine(p < 0.05)in colostrum of sows in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group.Compared with the normal milk of sows in the control group,the concentrations of trehalose-6-phosphate(p < 0.05),canine urea(p <0.05),ferulic acid(p < 0.05),benzene-1,2,4-triol(p < 0.05),hypoxanthine(p < 0.05),cyanidin N-oxide(p < 0.05)and pogostone(p < 0.05)were significantly increased;the differential metabolites in colostrum between the experimental group and the control group were significantly enriched in the KEGG pathways of flavonoid and flavanol biosynthesis,galactose metabolism,phenylpropanol biosynthesis,stilbene and gingerol biosynthesis,flavonoid biosynthesis,ABC transporter and purine metabolism,respectively.The differential metabolites in milk were significantly enriched in the KEGG pathways of starch and sucrose metabolism and retrograde endogenous cannabinoid signaling,which were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group.Experiment 3: Study on the effect of feeding fermented compound Chinese medicine additive to weaning-lactating sows.Eight weaned sows were selected from the control group of experiment 2 as the control group,and eight weaned sows were selected from the experimental group 1 of experiment 2 as the experimental group.The sows in the control group and the experimental group were fed the same basic diet.The sows in the experimental group were supplemented with 50 g fermented compound Chinese medicine additive A every day from weaning to the end of lactation at 26 days of age.The results showed that from weaning to the end of lactation,the number of live piglets and weaned piglets in each sow fed with 50 g fermented compound Chinese medicine feed additives every day increased 1.67 and 2.33 respectively compared to that in the control group.