Research On Development Countermeasures Of Forestry Cooperatives Under The Background Of Industrial Transformation

Previous research on forestry cooperatives has mostly focused on internal factors such as reducing transaction costs,cooperation models,talent structure,operational efficiency,benefit distribution mechanisms,financing methods,etc.Fewer theories have studied development countermeasures from the perspective of forestry industrial policies and industrial development characteristics,and some scholars believe that the external environment has less influence on the development of forestry cooperatives.However,the development of forestry cooperatives is essentially a matter of high-quality development of the forestry industry.In the context of high-quality development,forestry cooperatives are facing a huge impact brought about by industrial transformation and accompanied by various development problems.This study analyses the industrial policies and industrial development trends facing the development of forestry cooperatives from the perspective of the transformation of China’s forestry industry,provides an in-depth analysis of the problems faced by forestry cooperatives in Chiping District,Liaocheng City,and proposes development countermeasures to adapt to the industrial trends,so as to provide important references for the high-quality development of forestry cooperatives nationwide.The main research findings are as follows:(1)By sorting through 40 key policies of China’s forestry industry since 1949,China’s forestry industry is divided into the period of fully public forestry(1949-1983),the period of exploration and development of non-public forestry(1984-2002),the period of rapid development of non-public forestry(2003-2017),and the period of transformation of ecological forestry(2018-2025).After 2018,China’s forestry industry has entered a period of ecological forestry transformation,with publicly-owned forestry represented by state-owned forest farms and national parks gradually assuming ecological protection functions and gradually withdrawing from the forestry market;non-public forestry business entities represented by forestry professional cooperatives and others gradually becoming the mainstay of forestry industry development and urgently needing to adapt to the new development environment and vigorously develop forest carbon sinks,forest tourism,ecological forestry industries,such as forest tourism and forest recreation,in order to achieve high-quality development and transformation of the non-public forestry industry.(2)Through combing and analysing the total output value of China’s forestry industry,investment data of China’s forestry industry,import and trade data of China’s forest products,trading data of six major domestic forest products markets and data of China’s forest land area,three conclusions are drawn:(1)China’s forestry industry has entered an industrial transformation period from "quantity" to "quality ";(2)China’s forest products lack competitive advantages in international trade and are in urgent need of a supply-side structural reform;(3)the area of collectively-owned forest land in the North China Plain has decreased by nearly 10 times in the past 10 years,and forestry professional cooperatives are in urgent need of measures such as carrying out compound management,broadening the industrial chain and improving the efficiency of per-mu production to achieve high quality development.(3)Eighteen national outstanding forestry professional co-operatives and 18 Chiping District forestry professional co-operatives were used as samples for the study,and 10 evaluation indicators for co-operative development were developed,with the mu yield efficiency indicator as the overall evaluation indicator.The study showed that three indicators,namely brand building,cooperation with universities and research institutes,intellectual property rights and green certification,were the most critical factors influencing the development of forestry professional cooperatives,and the correlation coefficients between the three indicators and the mu yield efficiency indicator were(r = 0.775,p < 0.01)(r = 0.734,p < 0.01)(r = 0.503,p < 0.05).(4)Combining the problems faced by the development of professional forestry cooperatives in Chiping District,12 specific development countermeasures were proposed at the micro level and macro level respectively,providing an important theoretical basis for promoting the high-quality development of professional forestry cooperatives in Chiping District.It also provides important guidance for forestry enterprises,family forestry farms,forestry industrial parks and other new forestry business entities to understand the development situation,grasp the law of development and seize development opportunities.