Study On The Dynamic Changes And Driving Factors Of "Non-agricultural" And "Non-grain" Cultivated Land In Yunnan Province

As a carrier of providing basic food sources for humans,the changes in farmland and its utilization have a significant impact on national and regional food security.However,with the continuous advancement of industrialization and urbanization,as well as the rapid development of the economy and society,more and more cultivated land is being converted into other types of land.Although this phenomenon has a great promoting effect on regional economic development,it also exacerbates the phenomenon of "non agricultural" and "non grain" cultivated land.The "non agricultural" and "non grain" conversion of arable land are essentially the conversion of arable land into other types of land,but the types of land that arable land turns to are different.Non agricultural transformation "refers to the continuous expansion of urbanization,industrialization,and various construction projects,resulting in an increase in the scale of construction land and the conversion of arable land to various types of construction land;The "non grain conversion" of arable land is the conversion of arable land to other agricultural land such as forests,grasslands,and water bodies due to the adjustment of agricultural structure.In December 2022,China clearly stated in the "Outline of the Strategic Plan for Expanding Domestic Demand(2022-2035)" issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council that it is necessary to strictly adhere to the red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land and strictly control the "non agricultural" and "non grain" conversion of arable land.From this perspective,combined with the increasingly decreasing trend of cultivated land in Yunnan Province,this article carefully sorts out and summarizes the relevant literature on "non agricultural" and "non grain" cultivated land.Based on the land use/land cover data of Yunnan Province in 2005,2010,2015,and 2020,the spatial overlay analysis tool in Arc GIS is used to analyze the "non agricultural" cultivated land in the province from 2005 to 2010,2010 to 2015,and 2015 to 2020 Extract the "non grain" data and calculate the "non agricultural" and "non grain" rates of cultivated land in Yunnan Province at each time period;Using spatial Lorentz curves,construct a center of gravity model and analyze its spatiotemporal dynamic changes;Using the geographic detector model to analyze the driving factors of "non agricultural" and "non grain" cultivated land in Yunnan Province during three periods,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the rational formulation of cultivated land utilization policies and the improvement of the comprehensive benefits of cultivated land utilization in Yunnan Province.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)During the research period,the total area of "non agricultural" farmland in Yunnan Province was 1749.42 km2,with a "non agricultural" rate of 2.55%.Due to the continuous advancement of urbanization and industrialization,economic development,and gradual improvement of urban infrastructure in Yunnan Province,the phenomenon of "non agricultural" farmland became more apparent.Among the 16 prefectures and cities in Yunnan Province,Kunming has the highest rate of non agricultural conversion of arable land,at 8.38%;Next are Baoshan City and Xishuangbanna Prefecture,with 3.50% and 3.21% respectively;The lowest non agricultural conversion rate is in Pu’er City,at 0.65%;Next are Nujiang Prefecture and Chuxiong Prefecture,with 0.85% and 0.92% respectively.Compared with 2005 to 2010,from 2015 to 2020,the "non agricultural" rate in 11 states and cities increased,while the "non agricultural" rate in 5 states and cities decreased.The "non agricultural" rate in Kunming has increased the most,by 2.70%;The "non agricultural" rate in Zhaotong City has decreased the most,by 1.53%.The distribution of cultivated land "non agricultural" in Yunnan Province has regional differences,and the economically developed urban agglomeration in central Yunnan is relatively concentrated,with its center of gravity showing a trend of moving towards the southeast.(2)During the research period,the total area of arable land in Yunnan Province was 5869.23km2,with a "non grain" rate of 8.54%.Due to the continuous development of rural economy and the continuous promotion of poverty alleviation work,farmers are more inclined to plant non grain crops,exacerbating the "non grain" of arable land.Among the 16 prefectures and cities in Yunnan Province,Xishuangbanna Prefecture has the highest "non grain conversion" rate,at 16.58%;Next are Nujiang Prefecture and Diqing Prefecture,with 15.05% and 13.72%respectively;The lowest rates of "non grain conversion" were 4.93%,6.40%,and6.75% in Honghe Prefecture,Wenshan Prefecture,and Baoshan City,respectively.Compared with 2005-2010,by 2015-2020,the "non grain" rate in 12 states and cities decreased,while the "non grain" rate in 4 states and cities increased.The "non grain conversion" rate in Lijiang City has increased the most,by 2.07%;The "non grain" rate in Xishuangbanna has decreased the most,by 10.04%.The distribution of cultivated land "non grain oriented" in Yunnan Province has regional differences,with relatively less distribution in Nujiang Prefecture and Diqing Prefecture in northwest Yunnan,and the focus of cultivated land "non grain oriented" is showing a trend of migration towards the northeast.(3)From 2005 to 2020,the main driving factors for the "non agricultural" transformation of cultivated land were urbanization growth rate and per capita GDP growth rate.During the research period,the area of construction land in Yunnan Province showed a significant expansion trend,with a net increase of 2576.43km2.Among them,the area of cultivated land converted into construction land reached1749.42km2.The rapid increase in construction land means that limited arable land resources are gradually decreasing,reflecting the significant impact of rapid urbanization,industrialization,and economic development on the "non agricultural" of cultivated land in Yunnan Province.(4)From 2005 to 2020,the main driving factors for the "non grain" transformation of arable land were the growth rate of crop planting area and agricultural output value.During the research period,the growth rate of crop planting area and agricultural output value in Yunnan Province showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,which is a key factor leading to a trend of first decreasing and then increasing in the "non grain conversion" of farmland in Yunnan Province.This indirectly reflects the adjustment of agricultural structure and the inseparable relationship between farmers’ own willingness to grow grain and the "non grain conversion" of farmland.In response to the above conclusions,this article proposes four suggestions for effectively controlling the "non agricultural" and "non grain" conversion of arable land:(1)implementing a strict system of arable land protection,and planning reasonably according to local conditions.(2)Properly handle the relationship between cultivated land and other types of land,and reasonably guide the direction of cultivated land.(3)Focusing on improving technological innovation capabilities and promoting agricultural upgrading and transformation.(4)Implement the compensation system for farmland protection and establish the concept of land conservation.