Study On Influencing Factors Of Farmers’ Willingness To Grow Grain In Cultivated Land In Karst Area Of Southwest China

Food security concerns the most important livelihood of a country or region.In recent years,the complex international environment has intensified the uncertainty of the global food supply system,and the domestic food supply and demand is only in a tight balance.The national and local governments at all levels have fully emphasized that they should do their best to control food production,and the lifeline of food must be in their own hands.Various policies to benefit agriculture have been introduced,and China’s total grain production has stood at 650 million tons for eight consecutive years.In general,although the policy is trying to improve farmers’ willingness to cultivate farmland and grow grain,there are still some limiting factors for farmers to grow grain,which to some extent offset the incentive effect of the policy on agriculture.Karst areas in southwest China have a fragile ecological environment,prominent soil erosion,rocky desertification,frequent natural disasters,limited quantity and poor quality of cultivated land resources,resulting in low and unstable grain production and endangering regional food security.It is of great significance and urgency to strengthen the research on the influencing factors of farmers’ willingness to grow grain in karst areas of Southwest China.In this paper,on the basis of sorting out and analyzing the research achievements of farmers’ willingness to plant grain under the background of food security,and investigating the county situation and cultivated land grain planting in Shilin Yi Autonomous County(hereinafter referred to as Shilin County),a typical county in Southwest Karst area,The evaluation index system of 19 influencing factors of farmers’ willingness to grow grain was constructed from five aspects:individual characteristics of farmers,resource endowment conditions of farmers,natural conditions of cultivated land,grain production factors and marketing environment,and favorable agricultural policies.4 typical towns and 7 typical administrative villages of the county were selected for household questionnaire survey,and 384 valid sample data were obtained.By using binary Logistic regression model,this paper empirically studies the influencing factors of farmers’ willingness to plant grain in cultivated land in Shilin County,and explores the significant influencing factors and action directions of farmers’ willingness to plant grain.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)The natural conditions of cultivated land have the most significant impact on farmers’ willingness to grow grain on cultivated land.Among the four significant variables reflecting the natural conditions of cultivated land,the dispersion of cultivated land,stony desertification of cultivated land and thinning of cultivated soil layer all pass the significant test at the 1% level,and the soil fertility has a significant impact at the 5% level.It shows that the natural conditions of cultivated land have the most significant influence on farmers’ grain planting intention,and it also confirms that problems such as rocky desertification and soil erosion and thinning caused by karst landform have significant influence on farmers’ grain planting choice behavior.The resource endowment condition of farmers is the second;Grain production factors,marketing environment factors and favorable agricultural policy factors have little impact;Individual characteristics of farmers have the least influence.(2)Among the 19 variables introduced into the model,the proportion of farming population in household population,per capita net income of household,the dispersion of cultivated land,whether the cultivated land is stony desertification,whether the soil layer of cultivated land is thinning,the per mu grain yield and the satisfaction of agricultural subsidies passed the significance test at the 1% level.The effects of actual household population,the proportion of migrant worker income in total household income,soil fertility and household head education on farmers’ grain planting intention were significant at the levels of 5%,5%,5% and 10%,respectively.However,the age of the household head,the gender of the household head,the proportion of grain income in the total household income,the accessibility of agricultural transportation,the proportion of grain cost in grain income,the satisfaction of grain selling price and the participation in agricultural technical training had no significant impact on the willingness of farmers to cultivate grain.(3)The effects of the health status of the household head,the actual population of the household and the grain yield per unit on the intention of farmers to grow grain in cultivated land were opposite to the expected direction.The three are expected to be positively correlated,negatively correlated and negatively correlated with farmers’ willingness to grow grain in cultivated land.However,the results of the model show that the regression coefficients of the health status of the household head,the actual population of the household and the grain output per unit are 1.604,-0.336 and-2.113,respectively,which are negatively,positively and positively correlated with the intention of farmers to plant grain on cultivated land.Based on the above analysis results,the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve farmers’ willingness to cultivate grain in cultivated land:(1)Strengthen the control of ecological environment problem of rocky desertification in karst mountainous area,improve the level of grain output per unit and output value;(2)Improve agricultural subsidy policies to support the large-scale development of cultivated land for grain growing;(3)Perfect the land transfer system,efficiently transfer idle farmland,improve the utilization efficiency of cultivated land,and promote the scale of grain production;(4)Increase agricultural input and speed up the construction of agricultural sowing,harvesting,water conservancy and transportation infrastructure;(5)We will stabilize the prices of agricultural means of production and grain purchase prices,steadily increase the grain-planting income of rural households,and increase their enthusiasm for grain-planting.