| With the improvement of Marine fishing technology and the improvement of people’s living standards,the utilization of marine fishery resources presents a state of overexploitation,and the decline rate of fishery resources is gradually accelerated,and the development of marine fishery is in trouble.For a long time,we have adhered to the fishery management system based on input control and technology control,but it has not solved the problems of excessive exploitation and utilization of fishery resources and serious excess fishing capacity in China,and the current fishery management methods have lagged behind the needs of sustainable development of Marine fishery in China.Based on this,this article focuses on the application of the Individual Transferable Quota(ITQ)system in China’s marine fishery catching management,and introduces the ITQ system from a theoretical level using the literature analysis method.The paper is innovative in applying the theory of incentive compatibility to the research of ITQ system,and analyzing the intrinsic incentive effect of Chinese fishery resource management system and ITQ system from the perspective of incentive compatibility through comparative analysis.On this basis,the paper analyzes the difficulties in applying the ITQ system in China,introduces the current situation of the ITQ system abroad,and proposes countermeasures to solve the difficulties of the ITQ system in China by combining foreign practical experience.The research content of this paper mainly includes the following parts:The first part introduces the research background,purpose and significance of this paper,and summarizes and reviews the foreign research on ITQ system,which is more mature in both theoretical and application level.However,the research on ITQ system in China is more focused on the theoretical level.Finally,this paper briefly introduces the research content and ideas,and points out the shortcomings of this paper.The second part defines the concepts related to ITQ system and elaborates the theoretical basis of the research,including the theory of The Tragedy of the Commons,negative externality and incentive compatibility.The third part divides Chinese fishery management system into input control system,technical control system and output control system according to the differences in the types of fishery management system,and analyzes the implementation effects of each system.The paper compares China’s fishery resources management system with individual transferable quota system from the perspective of incentive compatibility by using the comparative analysis method.It is found that under the premise of clear property rights,the exclusivity,transferability and incentive of ITQ system can well motivate individual fishermen to take the initiative to conserve fishery resources.The ITQ system has institutional advantages in controlling fishing effort,restoring fishery resources,improving fishery economic efficiency and optimizing resource allocation.In the fourth part,based on the characteristics and management status of fishery resources in China,it is found that the application of ITQ system in China will face the following difficulties: the total catch is difficult to determine,the fair allocation of quotas,the related problems caused by the transfer of quotas,the supervision and management of ITQ system,and the selection of specific application and pilot problems.The fifth part analyzes the current situation of the implementation of ITQ system in Iceland,New Zealand,the United States and Australia from three elements:implementation background,implementation process and the implementation effect,in which the implementation process includes four steps: determination of the total allowable catch,allocation of quotas,transfer and supervision of quotas,and summarizes the application experience of foreign countries.The sixth part,based on the application difficulties derived from the fourth part and the foreign effective experience summarized in the fifth part,puts forward the following countermeasures :(1)scientific and standardized determination of TAC,including top-down scientific statistics and bottom-up standardized reporting;(2)determination of fair and reasonable quota allocation principle,and determination of the differentiated allocation principle on the basis of clarifying the division of allocation targets;(3)Regulation of quota transfer market order: establish quota transfer restriction mechanism and quota transfer supervision mechanism;(4)to improve the fishery supervision and enforcement system,which requires not only a sound fishery supervision system,but also a strengthened fishery enforcement system;(5)in combination with other management systems and apply them gradually in phases. |
