Research On Emergency Optimization Design Of Isolated Hotel Based On Major Public Health Emergencies

Due to its high infection coefficient and high transmission rate,the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 has placed a huge burden on the urban medical system and left an indelible memory for each of us.As an important means of epidemic prevention,isolation hotels assume the role of the first line of defense of medical buildings,and shoulder the responsibility of testing,isolating and receiving patients.However,due to the urgency and abruptness of the epidemic,the selection of quarantine hotels is blind,and due to the inverted design of major public health emergencies in hotels,cases of functional deficiency transmission occur occasionally.Therefore,this paper takes the selection of appropriate quarantine hotels as the starting point and the establishment of a safe and resilient urban medical system as the goal.According to the basic theory combing,field investigation analysis,isolation hotel evaluation system construction,put forward the steps of optimization design strategy.Firstly,the research status of public health emergencies and hotel building emergency design at home and abroad was summarized,and related concepts and theories were summarized.The similarities and differences between hotel buildings and medical buildings and the value and suitability of hotel buildings as isolated hotels were analyzed and summarized respectively.Then,this paper describes the distribution and typicality of hotel buildings in the main urban area of Handan City,and investigates isolated hotels and conventional hotels in the main urban area of Handan city by using the methods of field investigation and questionnaire survey,and finds and summarizes the shortcomings of existing isolated hotels and conventional hotels in terms of site selection,site environment and indoor environment.Then,according to the questionnaire,the space use ranking of isolated hotels was sorted out,and the room space had the highest utilization rate among the isolated hotels.According to the transmission mode of the novel coronavirus pneumonia,a four-level risk level of isolated hotels was constructed,including dangerous,more dangerous,more safe and safe.Secondly,scientific methods such as analytic hierarchy Process(AHP)and Delphi method are used to construct two criterion layers of internal factors and external factors,and eight sub-criterion layers including site setting and architectural form,according to the guidelines and norms of Operation Guide of Emergency Management of Hotel Buildings for COVID-19 Temporary Isolation Area and Design Code of Infectious Disease Hospital.The suitability index system for emergency renovation of isolated hotels with 15 index layers,such as parking lots and independent buildings,was used to determine the index weights by means of expert questionnaires to establish a scientific and reasonable evaluation system for emergency renovation suitability of isolated hotels.Then,according to relevant policies and norms,the system is refined,and 16 separate hotel selection scoring criteria such as traffic accessibility and parking lots are established.Then,a total of 28 hotels in the main urban area of Handan city are selected as isolation hotels by using the scoring standard.Finally,from the aspects of site,supporting facilities,hygienic spacing of external factors and space,room layout,streamline organization,physical environment and ancillary space of internal factors of the hotel,the optimal design strategy of isolation hotel emergency is proposed,and the strategy method is applied to the actual case to verify the feasibility of the strategy.By constructing and sorting out the risk identification of isolated hotels,this paper seeks to give certain suggestions on the selection,evaluation and optimization strategy of isolated hotels,which will provide reference for the selection criteria of isolated hotels and emergency optimization design in the future,and supplement the urban medical and epidemic prevention system.