Passive Design Optimization Of Small And Medium-sized Waiting Halls In Cold Areas Based On Photothermal Coupling

Small and medium-sized railway passenger stations are distributed in our country with a wide scope.Unlike the large high-speed railway station whose research focuses on the top surface,small and medium-sized high-speed railway passenger stations have smaller depth and can usually rely on the facade to satisfy the regulation of the indoor physical environment.At present,some facade designs blindly pursue novelty in form and grand in scale,ignoring the physical environment and the contradiction of heat demand in winter and heat prevention in summer.The phenomenon of uneven indoor temperature and lighting is easy to occur,which leads to the increasingly prominent problem of the light and thermal environment of the waiting hall.The problem of the balance between lighting and thermal environment caused by the transparent envelope structure using natural lighting has increasingly become the focus.This study reveals the influence laws of side window scale(window wall ratio),physical property(window material)and structure(louvers,shading)on the light and thermal environment of waiting space of small and medium-sized railway passenger stations,so as to form a side window configuration design strategy based on the optimal solution of light and thermal environment of small and medium-sized high-speed railway stations in cold areas.In this study,the evaluation indexes of building light environment and thermal environment and the optimization platform of genetic algorithm were introduced in detail,and the evaluation indexes and optimization methods were determined.s DA300,75% and UDI100-200,50% were selected as the evaluation indexes of indoor light environment quality of the waiting hall,and indoor air temperature in extremely cold and hot weeks was selected as the evaluation indexes of thermal environment.Select Ladybug&Honeybee as the simulation platform and Octopus as the multi-objective optimization platform.Secondly,the paper summarizes the investigation of small and medium-sized railway passenger stations in cold areas,classifies them on the basis of the investigation,proposes the relevant variables of passive facade design,and establishes the standard models of the two types of waiting halls,and conducts indoor light and thermal simulation respectively through Ladybug&Honeybee.The variation trend and influence rule of each variable on the objective function of light environment and thermal environment are obtained.On the basis of the simulation results in Chapter3,the photothermal sensitivity analysis of each factor is carried out to compare the influence of each factor on the photothermal environment of the two kinds of waiting halls,and the design strategy for each evaluation index is proposed,and the optimization variables for the further multi-objective optimization of the facade are determined.In Chapter 5,a multi-objective optimization experiment is carried out for the main design variables,and the optimization objectives are s DA,UDI and APMV.The convergence judgment,spatial distribution characteristics analysis and optimization tendency analysis of the optimization results are carried out,and the non-dominant design variables are statistically summarized.Finally,four options,s DA optimal,UDI optimal,APMV optimal and "overall optimal",are proposed,and the "overall optimal" scheme compares three calculation methods.