Research On R&D Decision Of Automobile Supply Chain Based On Double Credit Policy

As global energy is becoming increasingly tight and environmental pollution is becoming a serious problem,the issue of energy saving and emission reduction in the automotive industry has become a focus of social concern.As a green travel tool,new energy vehicles can reduce pollutant emissions and energy consumption,which can not only effectively alleviate the waste of resources and environmental problems,but also drive the development of related industries.In order to improve the technical level of energy saving and emission reduction of vehicles and promote the development of the new energy vehicle industry,China has introduced and implemented the "double credit" policy.In this context,China’s automobile enterprises are facing great pressure and challenges,and how to promote automobile manufacturers to strengthen technology research and development,improve the effect of energy saving and emission reduction of automobiles,and promote the transformation and upgrading of automobile enterprises has become a key concern of China’s automobile enterprises.Based on the "double credit" policy,this paper examines the impact of the double credit policy,consumer preference,R&D investment and market competition on the optimal decision of automobile manufacturers under different R&D models,in two dimensions: the vertical R&D decision between upstream and downstream enterprises in the automobile supply chain and the horizontal R&D decision of different automobile manufacturers.Through the study,it is found that:(1)The trading price of points is positively correlated with the R&D level of new energy vehicles,and has a positive effect on the profit of automakers,and the profit of manufacturers will increase and then decrease with the requirement of new energy vehicle points ratio.In the vertical supply chain,the independent R&D model is more conducive to the improvement of R&D level and the increase of automakers’ profits,while in the horizontal supply chain the R&D coordination model has the most obvious effect on the improvement of R&D level and automakers’ profits.(2)Consumers’ low carbon preference and range preference both contribute to the R&D level and profit of manufacturers,and consumers’ range preference contributes more significantly to the profit of manufacturers than consumers’ low carbon preference.(3)When vehicle technology R&D is in its initial stage,R&D is more difficult,R&D efficiency is lower,R&D input cost coefficient is higher,while R&D level decreases with the increase of R&D input cost coefficient,and vehicle manufacturers have the highest R&D level under R&D cooperation mode,and enterprise cooperation R&D mode can maximise enterprise profit.(4)The market price competition coefficient does not always have a positive effect on the profit and R&D level of automakers.When the market price competition is small,the R&D coordination mode has the highest R&D level of automobiles and the R&D cooperation mode has the highest profit of automakers,and when the market price competition is large,it will cut down the advantage of enterprises’ R&D investment,which will have a curbing effect on enterprises’ technological innovation.Therefore,under the double credit policy,the government can appropriately raise the trading price of new energy credits to increase the revenue earned by automakers from selling credits,incentivise automakers to undertake emission reduction activities and promote the development of the new energy vehicle industry.Considering consumers’ increasing preference for emission reduction and range concerns,car companies should increase publicity on the energy-saving and low fuel consumption features of fuel vehicles,and at the same time,address the range of new energy vehicles to improve consumers’ acceptance of the selling price of both types of vehicles and further promote the level of product innovation.In addition,car enterprises should increase investment in research and development among themselves,actively carry out cooperative and innovative activities among enterprises,reduce the cost of communication and cooperation among them,create a good atmosphere of cooperation and ensure the healthy development of car enterprises.