| The global intergovernmental convention "Wetlands Convention" has established the important status of water bird protection since its signing date.Therefore,research on the wetland habitats where they inhabit has become an indispensable part of the waterfowl conservation plan.Wetland,as a unique ecosystem at the junction of land and sea,is an important habitat and ecological space for wetland animals,plants,and other organisms.The quality of the natural ecological environment in wetlands also directly affects the survival and reproduction of birds.Urban wetland parks,due to their excellent wetland ecological environment and scientific and educational functions,have become a beautiful home for urban birds to live in.Therefore,from the perspective of natural ecology,it is of great practical significance to establish an urban wetland park suitable for the habitat and survival of water birds.As an important ecological group among waterfowl,urban wetland parks with the habitat construction of migratory birds as the main entry point for planning and design are relatively rare in China,and their theoretical basis and planning strategies also need further research.At the same time,how to find a balance between the protection of migratory birds and the behavior of tourists has become an important issue that needs to be considered in the current planning and design process of urban wetland parks.Various wetlands in Nanjing are not only the main habitat and wintering ground for waterfowl in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,but also an important relay station for migratory birds to migrate and rest in the eastern coastal areas of China,which is of great significance for the smooth progress of their seasonal migration and reproduction behavior.Among them,Xuanwu Lake region is one of the regions with great ecological value and wetland development potential within Nanjing.Conducting research on wetlands and birds in this region can not only serve as the main site for the construction and design of waterfowl habitats,but also provide scientific basis for the construction of wetland ecosystems in China.Based on the above situation,this article,from the perspective of landscape architecture,delimits the Xuanwu Lake area in Nanjing as the main research area,conducts resource investigation and suitability assessment of bird resources and habitat environment in the current parks,explores and summarizes the construction and design strategies for migratory bird habitat in urban wetland parks,with a view to providing scientific construction basis and guidance for the planning and design of future urban wetland parks and the protection and construction of migratory bird habitat.Firstly,it summarizes the literature and academic achievements related to waterfowl habitats in multi-disciplinary fields such as landscape ecology and zoology,summarizes the current research status at home and abroad,and summarizes the shortcomings in the current research field.Guided by relevant scientific research achievements,conduct an investigation and research on the current resources and ecological habits of birds within the study area,and deeply analyze the requirements and standards of birds for wetland vegetation,water bodies,and human interference during the habitat selection process.By selecting target species of migratory birds and relevant evaluation factors,a habitat suitability model is constructed,and a suitability grading evaluation is conducted for the current habitat to form an indicator system for the suitability of migratory birds’ habitat.Based on the establishment of an evaluation model,exploration and research were conducted from multiple perspectives such as the overall landscape pattern of the habitat,water systems,vegetation,and human interference factors.The construction techniques and design strategies for the midstream bird habitat in urban wetland parks were summarized,and they were applied to the planning and design of Nanjing Xingdian Wetland Park.Through quantitative research on the coupling relationship between factors such as water system,vegetation,terrain,and human interference in wetland parks and bird species,quantity,and distribution,this paper constructs a systematic,scientific,and theoretical urban wetland park planning method based on the creation of migratory bird habitats.Integrate ecological and environmental protection concepts in the planning process,organize wetland science and education,and bird science popularization activities,with a view to arousing people’s concern and love for wetland birds,guide people from all walks of life to participate in the protection and construction of the wetland ecological environment,and ultimately create an urban environment where people and nature are interdependent and exist,and jointly embark on a new journey of ecological civilization in the new era. |
