Study On Landscape Protection And Optimal Design Of Chinese And Italian Rural Buildings From A Comparative Perspective

The strategy of rural revitalization has pushed the protection and development of rural areas to a new height,and the protection of traditional villages has become a key topic of concern for the country and society.Traditional villages are the foundation of Chinese farming civilization,which bear the profound history and culture of the Chinese nation,including material culture such as village pattern,architectural style,architectural texture and surrounding environment,and local intangible culture.These unique regional cultures have become the unique historical impression of each village and are engraved in local folk customs,which has important protection value.At present,many traditional villages are experiencing the degradation of ecological environment,the reduction of historical and cultural characteristics of villages,and the increasingly serious fragmentation of village landscape space,among which the fading of architectural landscape is particularly prominent.The protection and optimization of rural architectural landscape are facing unprecedented pressure and challenges.The traditional villages in Europe started earlier in rural protection,and the laws and regulations of architectural landscape restoration are more comprehensive,the restoration work is more systematic and the restoration experience is relatively rich.Many countries have set up institutions to protect ancient buildings and assigned professionals to protect the architectural landscape.China and Italy have deep historical roots in history,representing the eastern and western cultures respectively.Italy has a long history in rural protection,and the relevant legal system is perfect,which has certain reference significance.Therefore,this study takes Grange Sises village in Susa Valley in the northwest of Piemonte,Italy,and Yangchan village,a traditional village in southern Anhui,China,as the research objects,and compares the traditional villages in China and Italy.By analyzing the similarities and differences of traditional rural architectural landscapes in Italy and China under different social backgrounds,this paper makes a comparative study from the aspects of historical evolution,village layout,architectural form,public places and street space,and discusses the protection and inheritance methods and renewal and optimization strategies of architectural landscapes in traditional villages,so as to build and optimize the feasibility of traditional villages.The main research contents of this paper are divided into the following aspects:Firstly,the concept of rural architectural landscape,the related theories of rural architectural landscape protection and optimization are sorted out,and the related policies and practices of rural architectural landscape protection and optimization at home and abroad are studied.Secondly,through the combination of literature collection and on-the-spot investigation,this paper combs and studies the evolution process of architectural landscape in Yangchan Village and Grange Sises Village,and concludes that Yangchan Village has experienced four stages: birth,development,decline and rebirth,and Grange Sises Village has experienced four stages;Thirdly,based on the practical case of the protection and optimization of the architectural landscape in Grange Sises village,the development of the rural architectural landscape is the overall requirement,and the design principles are the authenticity of the architectural landscape,the overall unity of the village,the ecological moderation and the people-oriented sustainable development;Put forward design methods for the overall functional layout of the village,the optimization of hierarchical protection of buildings,and the improvement of infrastructure and road space in public places;The design strategy is put forward from the aspects of system style protection,historical context continuation,landscape ecological sustainability and characteristic tourism industry development.Finally,the design methods and strategies are applied to the process of protecting and optimizing the architectural landscape of Yangchan village.By combing and analyzing the current situation of Yangchan village,the value of natural landscape and human landscape of Yangchan village is evaluated,and the village is planned and designed from two aspects:architecture and landscape.It is hoped that through this study,some new design ideas and methods will be provided for the protection and optimization of traditional villages in the future,and the comprehensive revitalization and development of traditional villages will be realized.