Research On The Reconstruction Design Of Existing Residential Buildings In Harbin City Based On The Thermal Comfort Of The Elderly

With the rapid increase of aging in China’s society,the age structure of existing residences in Harbin City has changed due to aging and population migration,and the proportion of elderly households has increased significantly.Existing homes were built earlier and have poor thermal performance,which can no longer meet the needs of healthy and pleasant living for the elderly.The comfort of indoor thermal environment for the elderly is an important factor affecting the quality of life in later life,and this paper proposes a retrofitting strategy for existing residences based on the thermal comfort needs of the elderly.In this paper,from the climatic characteristics of Harbin city,we adopt the field research method to investigate the current situation of existing houses in Harbin city,summarize and summarize the problems of indoor and outdoor environment and thermal weaknesses of external envelope structure,and provide direction and basis for renovation design.The research selected typical senior housing for winter and summer indoor thermal environment measurements,and analyzed the changes of indoor thermal and humid environment and the reasons.Based on the measured data,the PMV values of two typical existing residences during the winter and summer research periods were calculated by Matlab software,and the linear relationship between PMV values and temperature,humidity and wind speed was analyzed to establish the PMV evaluation model.The subjective thermal sensation questionnaire was administered to elderly households,the actual thermal sensation TSV of elderly households in existing dwellings was statistically summarized,the thermal comfort preferences of the elderly were analyzed,the 90% and 85% acceptable and neutral temperatures of the elderly were calculated,and the PMV model was compared to analyze the differences between the predicted and actual values.To summarize the problems of the thermal environment of existing residences for the elderly in Harbin City,and to propose a renovation strategy for existing residences based on the thermal comfort of the elderly in terms of both physical environment and psychological feelings.Using the Sverige series software to select the applicable transformation technology and materials for the energy-saving transformation of the exterior envelope structure,the combination of the envelope structure combination scheme,thermal comfort enhancement verification,comprehensive consideration of economic and thermal comfort enhancement factors to determine the exterior envelope transformation strategy.Finally,we propose a renovation design or strategy for typical houses from three parts: fa?ade and detail design,public space and interior part,expecting to provide reference and reference for the creation of indoor thermal comfort for elderly houses in severe cold areas.