Study On Indoor Thermal Environment And Adaptive Thermal Comfort Of The Elderly In Rural Buildings In Hot Summer And Cold Winter Areas

The average life expectancy in Chinese society has risen to 78.2 years old by 2022,which indicates that China is accelerating into an aging society.Indoor thermal environment is the main factor affecting rural living environment.Due to the particularity of the elderly’s requirements for indoor thermal environment,it is very important to reasonably determine the indoor thermal environment needs of rural residential to ensure the thermal comfort and health of rural elderly people.This paper selects Suining City,which is in hot summer and cold winter area,as the research object.By measuring the environment of a typical rural building,a real-time questionnaire survey was conducted on the thermal sensation of the elderly,and the thermal comfort and indoor thermal environment of the local rural elderly were analyzed.By using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(FAHP),a two-level evaluation model of rural elderly living environment is established to evaluate the living quality of the elderly.Finally,based on the adaptive thermal comfort of the elderly,this paper uses Energyplus to simulate and optimize,and puts forward the building renovation strategy to improve the indoor environment of rural residentia1 buildings.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)The thermal environment of the rural building can’t meet the range of summer thermal comfort of the elderly.The thermal adaptation ability of aging males is higher than that of aging women,and the thermal adaptation ability increases with age.(2)The overall thermal environment of rural elderly building in the study area is poor.which is due to the lack of corresponding thermal insulation measures.The acceptable temperature range of the rural elderly in the study area was 21.38～27.57°C.The adaptive coefficient(λ)of the elderly is 0.065,which is far less than the standard value,indicating that the thermal adaptive ability of the elderly is worse than that of the adults.(3)The evaluation result of the second-level evaluation model for the environmental satisfaction of the elderly living in rural residential buildings is "a little poor".It is found that optimizing indoor temperature and improving building orientation are the most effective ways to improve the environmental satisfaction of the elderly living in rural residential buildings.(4)Through the building optimization strategy,it is found that the passive retrofit program has great energy saving potential,which can reduce the cooling load by 52.15% during the summer cooling period according to the thermal comfort of the local elderly.