Research On The Optimization Of Course Structure Of College Engineering Experimental Classes Under The Background Of New Engineering

Driven by a new round of scientific and technological revolution,the new economy of China is booming,and the talents trained by traditional engineering education can no longer meet the new needs of the new economy for talents.Therefore,China has proposed "new engineering construction" to continue to deepen the reform of engineering education.As an important way for colleges in China to explore the cultivation of new engineering talents,engineering experimental classes are expected to give priority to exploring "new methods","new models" and "new systems" for cultivating new engineering talents.The training of talents should be based on the curriculum,and the curriculum structure directly affects the training effect of the curriculum.Therefore,optimizing the curriculum structure of engineering experimental classes in Chinese colleges has far-reaching theoretical and practical significance for the talent training for engineering experimental classes and further reform of engineering education.Based on the theoretical and practical basis for optimizing the curriculum structure of engineering experimental classes in universities,this thesis proposes the requirements for optimizing the curriculum structure of engineering experimental classes in universities from three aspects: the perspective of the overall,horizontal,and vertical structure of the curriculum,and uses this as a framework for analyzing the curriculum structure throughout the entire text.Then,using the text analysis method,we compared and analyzed the overall structure,horizontal structure,and vertical structure of the courses of excellent engineering majors from Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Stanford University,and Orion School of Engineering in the United States,it has been found that their curriculum structure has the advantages of "diversified general education courses,highly valued humanities courses;high proportion of elective courses,high flexibility of curriculum structure;multiple interdisciplinary courses with strong integration of disciplines;mutual coordination between projects and courses,strong systematization of curriculum structure".Then,using text analysis and comparative research methods,taking the training plans of computer science and technology majors in engineering experimental classes of nine domestic universities as samples,the overall structure,horizontal structure,and vertical structure of the courses were compared and analyzed.It was found that their course structures were unique and diverse in form;Lay a solid foundation and attach importance to general and basic courses;Emphasize practice and combine theoretical courses with practical courses.However,there are also issues with the relative imbalance between humanities and science courses,a small number of elective courses and an unreasonable structure,and the need to increase the proportion of interdisciplinary courses.Aiming at the problems existing in the curriculum structure of engineering experimental classes in Chinese universities,and combining the excellent experience of constructing the curriculum structure of advantageous engineering classes in American universities,this thesis proposes a path to optimize the curriculum structure of engineering experimental classes in Chinese universities.On the one hand,it is necessary to optimize the value orientation of the curriculum structure under the guidance of the Outcome-based Education concept,specifically achieving: taking students as the center,promoting the comprehensive development of students;Taking ability cultivation as the core to meet the needs of social development;Construct a diversified curriculum structure based on the principle of continuous improvement.On the other hand,it is necessary to optimize the components of the curriculum structure guided by achieving training objectives,specifically: optimizing the internal structure of general education courses,emphasizing the cultivation of students’ humanistic qualities;Increase the proportion of elective courses and promote the modular construction of elective courses;Strengthen the provision of interdisciplinary courses to promote interdisciplinary integration;Increase the proportion of practical courses and achieve the combination of project based learning and curriculum learning.