Study On Gene Identification And Map Of Traditional Village Landscape In Nanfeng County,Jiangxi Province

China is an ancient civilization with a long agricultural history.Through the inheritance of thousands of years of agricultural culture,various traditional villages with unique values and fully demonstrating regional characteristics have been formed.The cultural landscape of traditional villages is the product of the interaction between natural landscape and residential culture.It is influenced by both natural factors and human factors,and is also the key carrier of the inheritance of regional cultural characteristics.The traditional villages in Nanfeng County,Jiangxi Province have distinct multicultural blending attributes and rich spatial characteristics of the living environment in the upper reaches of the Fu River,making them an important component of the construction of the cultural landscape system in the Fu River Basin.Through the collection and organization of related concepts such as traditional villages,cultural landscapes,landscape genes,and landscape gene maps at home and abroad,12 ancient villages in the Nanfeng area that have been included in the Chinese Traditional Village List and the Jiangxi Provincial Traditional Village List are selected as the main research objects,while also considering the ancient villages that have not yet been included in the Traditional Village List but are rich in historical relics.Based on the theory of “landscape genes”,combined with relevant research methods of typology and morphology,through on-site research and mapping,the landscape genes of traditional villages in Nanfeng County are identified and extracted.The corresponding landscape gene map is constructed and expressed through graphical language to explore its external representation and internal characteristics.To conduct in-depth research on the landscape spatial characteristics of traditional villages in the Nanfeng area from a new perspective,in order to supplement the shortcomings of the current research on landscape zoning of traditional villages in the Fuhe River Basin and Jiangxi,and provide scientifically feasible references for the protection,activation,and utilization of traditional villages in the Nanfeng area.The main research conclusions of this article are as follows:(1)The overall characteristic advantages of traditional villages in Nanfeng area are relatively obvious.By organizing and analyzing the background and basic characteristics of the formation of traditional village landscapes in the Nanfeng region,it is found that the formation and development of traditional villages in Nanfeng are influenced by local economic and social development,natural environment,waterway transportation,and multiculturalism.Traditional villages in Nanfeng have historical characteristics of being old,rich,common,and diverse.The layout characteristics emphasize the ideal site selection concept of “ facing mountains and water,and embracing yin and yang”,The distribution characteristics of villages can be summarized as: near farmland,near water,leaning against mountains,and choosing roads.The traditional architectural features organize the plane with a courtyard as the core,forming a vertical layout sequence in the form of one or multiple entrances.The toponymic characteristics of villages are influenced by factors such as population economy,geographical environment,and production methods based on different names.Villages are divided into three types: multisurname settlement,same surname settlement,and defensive type.On the basis of summarizing the basic characteristics of traditional villages in the Nanfeng region,12 traditional villages with prominent overall characteristics and rich historical and cultural heritage in the Nanfeng region were selected for in-depth research.(2)Based on the theory of landscape genes and research and mapping data,a landscape gene identification system for traditional villages in Nanfeng area is constructed.Based on the two dimensions of material landscape and non material landscape,the landscape characteristics of traditional villages in Nanfeng are deconstructed and identified as four categories: village layout feature genes,village architectural feature genes,village environmental feature genes,and village cultural feature genes.Among them,layout features,architectural features,and environmental features belong to material landscape genes,while cultural features belong to non material landscape genes.And extract and analyze landscape genes through methods such as element,structure,pattern,and meaning extraction.(3)On the basis of identifying and extracting landscape genes from traditional villages in Nanfeng,a corresponding landscape gene map was preliminarily constructed.Based on the differential expression of landscape genes,summarize the recognition and extraction results as well as the original features,and construct layout feature genes(site selection pattern,overall layout,and spatial organization of streets and alleys),architectural feature genes(residential buildings,public buildings)Environmental characteristic genes(terrain environment,water environment,production environment,plant environment)and cultural characteristic genes(clan culture,belief culture,red revolutionary culture,social folk culture)are four types of landscape gene maps.(4)Based on the map of landscape genes and the current situation of landscape gene mutations in traditional villages in Nanfeng,a new strategy for repairing village landscape gene mutations is proposed,and scientific guidance is provided for the protection and restoration planning design of landscape genes in Qiawan Village.It also explores a new path for the inheritance and development of regional cultural landscapes.