Research On Landscape Gene Atlas Of Traditional Village In Xinyang Area

In this paper,the traditional villages of 28 countries in Xinyang region were taken as the research objects.And general landscape characteristics of the traditional villages were summarized by means of literature collection,field research and photography,household visits and observation.On this basis,extract landscape genes from traditional villages,and then establish the landscape gene atlas of traditional villages.This paper tries to establish the landscape gene atlas of traditional villages to explore the wisdom of human settlement construction of traditional villages,and to protect and inherit the culture of traditional villages.The main research results are as follows:(1)The general characteristics of the traditional village landscape in Xinyang are obvious.The idea of settlement layout is the core idea of the geomantic omen.It is manifested as the pattern of the settlement with the mountain,with back side of the shade,and face of the sun,and with the mountain and water on its back.The spatial layout of traditional villages can be divided into three types:mountainous area type,riverside type and back-to-mountain and water-side type.The traditional architectures as for Hui-style.The characteristics of original objects are nature worship,ancestor worship,totem worship and worship witchcraft.Traditional villages are the most basic support of Confucian humanistic ideals and the fundamental support of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism.(2)Extraction of landscape genes from traditional villages in Xinyang.Guided by the landscape environment,the layout of traditional villages in Xinyang can be divided into mountain type,river type and back mountain surface water type.The architectural plane of folk dwellings can be divided into strip terraced house and its deformation plane,three square patio plane and four square patio plane.House face mainly has a single layer,a half type.There are three main types of gables,chevron、horse-head wall and a wavy shape.The type of roof are hard peaks and suspended peaks.The main gate is wall-wall gatehouse type.The main types of decoration are brick carving,stone carving and wood carving.Building materials to brick,wood,stone,soil.Public buildings are mainly ancestral halls and opera houses.The prominent environmental factors are mainly mountain,ancient and famous trees,ponds and farmland.(3)Landscape gene atlas of traditional villages in Xinyang.The traditional village plane atlas can be divided into one font or strip,natural and lumpy.Architectural plane atlas,the plane atlas of the residential courtyard is the front and back of the mountain courtyard,courtyard,quadrangle.There are three main types of street shape atlas:free type,radial type and net type.The location relationship between the village and the pond presents a tangential and intersecting spatial extension relationship,and the correlation attribute atlas of the village and the pond can be summarized into three basic types:a)the village circles the pond,b)the village is adjacent to the pond,and c)the pond circles the village.The elevation atlas of traditional villages.The vertical site selection of traditional villages forms three elevation atlas of "mountain-village-pond-field","pond-village-pond-field" and"mountain-village-river-field".The building house face atlas are the single storey building house face and the one and a half storey building house face.The main atlas of the gate is the wall door and the brick and stone arch door which are the defense system.Due to the limitation of the courtyard space,the atlas modeling of the window is rich and varied in specifications.There are three kinds of architectural gable atlas,including herringbone,horse-head and wavy.Architectural decoration atlases cover a wide range of subjects and rich content,which conveys the villagers’ ideas and awareness of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism culture.