| Rural settlement is an important space carrier for rural population to live,live,produce and hold cultural activities.With the rapid advancement of urbanization and industrialization,problems such as the declining vitality of rural settlements,the loss of labor force,and hollow villages have become increasingly prominent.Rural settlements are facing transformation,development and spatial reconstruction,and their spatial pattern characteristics need to be re-recognized.At the same time,development modes such as disorderly expansion and extensive use of rural settlement land cause serious waste of land resources,which restricts the sustainable development of urban and rural areas to a certain extent.It is urgent to carry out research on the optimization of the spatial pattern of rural settlements,so as to provide a scientific basis for the implementation of territorial spatial planning and rural revitalization strategy.Therefore,this paper selects Chuzhou City,a typical area with rapid urbanization and industrialization,excessive rural construction land per capita,serious population loss,complex and diverse geographical space and other multiple overlapping characteristics.The years 2005,2010,2015 and 2020 are taken as time nodes.The research is carried out according to the paradigm of "evolution characteristics-influencing factors-pattern optimization-strategy proposal".Firstly,GIS and Fragstates4.2software are combined to analyze the evolution characteristics of rural settlement spatial pattern from three aspects: scale,quantity,spatial distribution and morphological change.Secondly,buffer zone and SPSS tools are used to analyze the single and comprehensive effects of 9 factors,including elevation,slope,water system,cultivated land,town,road,population and primary industry,on the evolution of rural settlement spatial pattern,and reveal the influencing mechanism of the evolution of rural settlement spatial pattern.Finally,based on the above 9 factors,land use type factors were co-selected,an evaluation index system was established through MCR model and entropy weight method to evaluate the suitability level of rural settlements,and spatial pattern optimization types were divided according to the patch size of rural settlements,and spatial pattern optimization strategies for different types of rural settlements were proposed.The results are as follows:(1)From 2005 to 2020,there are significant differences in the scale,distribution and morphological characteristics of rural settlements in Chuzhou.(1)From the perspective of scale and quantity change,the average patch area of rural settlements in Chuzhou City gradually increased,while the patch number gradually decreased.The change trend of rural settlement scale in the northwest region is gentle,and the change trend in the southeast region and the northeast region is the most dramatic.(2)From the perspective of spatial distribution changes,the rural settlement patch distribution of Chuzhou City is characterized by "continuous distribution in the middle of low density and patches on both sides of high density",and the overall area of rural settlements in high-density areas continues to decrease,while sub-low-density areas continue to expand.The scale of rural settlements has positive correlation in spatial distribution,and the scale agglomeration is weakening continuously.In summary,the large-density distribution pattern is mainly located in the southwest and northwest of Chuzhou City,while the small-density distribution pattern is mainly located in the east and northeast of Chuzhou City.(3)From the perspective of patch morphology,the rural settlement pattern of Chuzhou City is relatively regular on the whole,showing a trend of clustered development in space,with increasing distribution density and connectivity,while the patch density continues to decline.(2)The formation of spatial pattern difference of rural settlements in Chuzhou city is influenced by many factors.The results show that elevation,slope,water system,cultivated land,towns,roads,public facilities,population and the proportion of per capita production all have an effect on the evolution of rural settlement spatial pattern.Among them,elevation,population and the proportion of per capita production have stronger explanatory power and greater influence on the evolution of rural settlement spatial pattern,and the effects of the three factors together with other factors are more significant.In general,the difference in the spatial pattern of rural settlements in Chuzhou City is the result of the combined effect of multiple factors and the enhancement of the effect of pin-two influencing factors.(3)The most suitable development location can be determined by evaluating the suitability of rural settlements.According to the suitability evaluation results and the current rural settlement patch scale,the optimization types of rural settlement spatial pattern in Chuzhou were divided into urban-rural integration,key development,control development and demolition and withdrawal.Through planning,"transforming village into street" and other measures,the spatial pattern of rural settlements is guided to connect with urban space to form a complete urban and rural settlement form.The key development category mainly plans a group of rural settlements with good development foundation as agglomeration centers,guides the surrounding rural settlements to converge to the center,and forms a largescale and centralized spatial pattern of rural settlements.The scale and fragmentation of rural settlements are controlled to form a complete spatial form through land consolidation and construction.The rural settlements of demolition,withdrawal and consolidation mainly adjust the original scattered distribution state into a regular and concentrated spatial pattern through batch withdrawal and consolidation.Figure [24] table [27] reference [113]... |
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