Study On Landscape Pattern Evolution Of Villages In Guangzhou And Foshan Area

With the Rapid growth of our country’s rapid economic development and modern urbanization, the urbanization of the Pearl River Delta’s economic developed areas is moving forward rapidly. As urban space expands, rural settlements are constantly under attack, and some critical problems are in urgent needs to be studied and solved during the development of the settlement.The typical case of Xiqiao Town, Nanhai District, Foshan City which has has typical representative meaning of Guangzhou-Foshan area, is selected in this research, based on its topography and location in 1964, 1972, 1978, 1993, 2003, 2015, mainly focusing on the analysis of spatial structure of rural settlement in this area in dynamic space in its evolution and development. Through purchase of satellite image data(resolution 2-6 meters) and remote software and GIS technology, patterns of rural settlement of Xiqiao town was analyzed in the method of vector, and relevant exponent of rural settlements and landscape pattern was calculated and analyzed so as to figure out the evolution and development of patterns and space of rural settlement and to establish tri-driving mechanism with internal,external and exogenous driving forces, as well as to conclude the significance of the driving mechanism in the spatial evolution of rural settlement.Research has showed that:(1)According to the differences of rural settlements in space, spatial form of rural settlement can be divided into five types: network-settlement, block-settlement,planar-settlement, scatter-settlement and branch-settlement.(2)In the landscape pattern evolution,development of rural settlement in Xiqiao Town in 1964 to 1978 was at a slow pace, mainly concentrating on central town, with slight development of scenic spots. The period from 1978 to 2015 was the stage of its fastest development, the settlement space form has significantly changes, the settlement number,and the settlement area significantly increased, the landscape broken degrees reduced, and the density increased. This description shows that settlement of development more concentrated, the main grouth of the settlement in space is sprawling and integration development, settlement patterns became regular and toward the rule of direction. Overall,in 1964 to 1978, the settlement developed slowly; in 1978 to 2015, the settlement was outward expansion. The small settlement became medium size settlement, the small and medium settlement became together, in the area of low hills, the settlement formed planar-settlement and block-settlement, in the area of River banks, the settlement formed linear settlement; the town center district has a high degree of urbanization, the settlement became distric, and the development of the rule of direction.(3)On the three force of the driving mechanism, the main factors of the endogenous and exogenous driving force are population, the level of resident’s income, and economic development level. The period from 1964 to 1978, the endogenous driving force plays a leading role, but limited by economic conditions, the development of rural settlement is slowly; The period from 1978 to 1993, the endogenous driving force plays a dominant role,exogenous driving force plays an important role in promoting the rapid development ofrural settlements; The period from 1993 to 2015, the exogenous driving forces play a leading role in the rapid development of rural settlements, settlement expansion outward growth; The natural resistance long-term effects on the entire process of evolution, and the development of settlements is a priority in the direction of least resistance.All in all, this thesis uses GIS technology in vector and quantitative analysis to summarize law of development of space of rural settlement of Xiqiao Town as well as its driving mechanism, which plays an vital role in the evolution and development of rural settlement, in addition, which could supplement in the studies of spatial development of rural settlement, and could provide some constructive ideas to the problems of spatial development of rural settlement in urbanization of Guangzhou-Foshan area and Pearl River Delta areas.