A Study On Streetscape Enhancement Strategies In Urban Villages Based On CPTED Theory

As China’s urbanization rate continues to increase,urban crime has become an increasingly prominent problem.Urban villages are high crime areas,and the streets,as their main activity space,are particularly important for environmental security.However,current urban village street landscape design often ignores the concept of crime prevention.Based on CPTED(Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design)theory,this study explores how to integrate crime prevention ideas and concepts into urban village streetscape design to reduce crime incidence.This study uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis,including literature review,questionnaire survey and SPSS data analysis.Taking Makucun in Xinxiang City as a case study,the evaluation index system of street environment security perception is established,and the relationship between security perception and street landscape factors in urban villages is explored by analyzing the ratings of urban village households on the security perception of different street environments,and then the improvement strategies of street environment landscape are proposed.The main research of this paper is as follows:(1)The focus of this paper is on the study of the evaluation of the sense of security of the street environment in urban villages.First,the current situation of environmental design crime prevention tools in the safety management of urban villages in China is introduced.The purpose and significance of this study and its importance as well as the object and scope of the study are emphasized.Studies and cases related to environmental design crime prevention and security perception evaluation at home and abroad are outlined.Next,the stages of the development of CPTED theory are summarized by sorting out the relevant theories of environmental criminology,and the core elements of CPTED theory are outlined.Finally,the influencing factors,research methods,and streetscape components regarding the evaluation of environmental security are summarized,and a theoretical basis is provided for the next empirical study.(2)Through the research literature and field research,the influencing factors of street safety were summarized into 35 specific factors,which were selected as evaluation indicators.After SPSS27.0 calculation and analysis,27 influencing factors that meet the requirements were finally screened out.Then,these 27 factors were screened as evaluation metrics in the second round and the 27 metric factors were extracted into 6 major metric factors using principal component analysis,which were monitoring,spatial domain sense,road,environmental maintenance,activity support,and goal reinforcement.These six common factors were orthogonally rotated by the maximum variance method and then integrated into the six CPTED factors as six categories of user perception dimensions.Then,these six categories of perceived safety dimensions were used as independent variables,and the perceived safety street scores were used as dependent variables to conduct Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test and multiple regression test,which finally identified six categories of perceived user safety dimensions,all of which had significant positive effects on the perceived safety scores of living streets.Among them,environmental maintenance and monitoring had a higher contribution impact on the overall safety perception scores of urban village streets for the six categories of dimensions.This study found that the six factors of monitoring,spatial domain sense,roads,environmental maintenance,activity support and goal reinforcement had significant effects on the perception of safety in urban village streets,with monitoring and environmental maintenance having the highest contribution rates.(3)On the basis of the six factors,eight representative streets in Makura were selected as research subjects,and the security perception scores of each street were calculated through questionnaires,and the evaluation results were specifically analyzed based on the scores and field research.This part of the study focused on the actual situation of the streets to assess the sense of security of Makicun streets in a more comprehensive and objective way,and to provide a scientific basis for the subsequent proposal of landscape improvement strategies.(4)Based on CPTED theory,we propose planning,design and management improvement strategies for urban villages from three aspects: macro,meso and micro.In terms of environmental planning and design,reasonable land development methods and land use forms are mainly adopted to build a defensible physical space environment in order to enhance the security of the street environment.In terms of environmental design strategy,it enhances street image and walking experience,enriches regional culture and enhances street vitality by strengthening greening design,optimizing buildings along the street,strengthening road safety design,unified planning of lighting facilities,enriching street cultural landscape and activating street interface,so as to improve the environmental design level and sense of security of the street.In terms of environmental management strategies,from strengthening street security management,establishing a planning system for crime prevention,strengthening the popularization of security education for street users,improving security awareness and transforming traditional security management concepts,and finally enhancing the sense of security of the street environment.Finally,on the basis of CPTED safety transformation strategy,the research content and key findings are summarized,while the innovative points and shortcomings of the study are outlined.This study has achieved certain innovations by empirically studying the perceived safety of the street environment of urban village households as the mainstay of the study,using the example of Makucun in Xinxiang City.In the in-depth analysis of the street environment and households’ safety perceptions in urban villages,the key factors affecting safety perceptions are revealed,and a series of practical optimization strategies are proposed based on CPTED theory.These results not only provide useful references for research in related fields,but also provide theoretical support and operational guidelines for the government and urban planners in solving the street environment problems in urban villages.The integration of crime prevention concepts into urban village street construction has important practical significance and application value,which can guide the environmental landscape transformation of urban village streets,improve urban safety,and enhance the quality of life and happiness of residents.In summary,the practical application of this research result is promising and has important practical significance.