Study On Safety Evaluation Of Space Environment In Zhengzhou Comprehensive Park Based On Crime Prevention Through Environmental (CPTED) Theory

With the rapid development of urbanization,the city-size is expanding,the population mobility is aggravating,and the overcrowded urban space appear as well as the depressed areas,which will lead to form the blind area of inducing urban crime from the aspects of society,psychology,space and time.As an important public space carrying diverse activities of citizens,the design of urban parks often focus more on the functionality and aesthetics,not fully considering the security and defense needs of parks.Especially the proportion of park green area in urban space is increasing in the new era,and its characteristics including publicity,openness and strong relevance raise the difficulty of public security management.Therefore,it is necessary to integrate the idea and application of "crime prevention through environmental design(CPTED)" into the safety construction of park space environment.By consulting a large number of literature,this paper systematically sorts out relevant theories of criminology,psychology and behavior science to analyze the relationship between criminal behavior and environmental factors,and further interprets the main content,development process,core elements,techniques and assessment methods of the CPTED theoretical system.Secondly,through combing the problem of park space crime and investigating the safety status of 10 comprehensive parks in Zhengzhou City,the deficiencies of comprehensive parks in the construction of surrounding environment,the construction of park space environment,park public security management and tourists’ behavior activities were obtained.Thirdly,combining with the theoretical basis and practical research,the evaluation system of comprehensive park space environment security is constructed.The weight value of each index in each level of the evaluation system is determined by expert consultation and weight investigation through the analytic hierarchy process operation.The weight values of six criteria layer factors are obtained,that is the surveillance(0.3623)>activity support(0.1817)>territoriality(0.1693)>access control(0.1506)>image and maintenance(0.0904)>target hardening(0.0457),where the surveillance has the greatest impact on the target and needs to be focused on.Besides,the importance ranking of 23 index layer factors such as public security management,lighting conditions,electronic monitoring,active activities,space ownership,space boundary,road layout,etc.are acquired.Fourth,taking Zhengzhou people’s Park,Bishagang Park,Zijingshan Park as the research object,the overall evaluation values of each space and the park are obtained through the Depth map view integration and other elements of the park dividing the space,and the questionnaire evaluating the tourists,verifying the consistency of the content and results of the evaluation system with the construction of the park space environment.Finally,based on the problems existing in the construction of Zhengzhou urban comprehensive park space environment,this paper puts forward specific optimization strategies from three aspects:building defensible physical space environment from planning and design,enhancing environmental attraction and activity support in behavior and psychology,strengthening park public security management in safety management and tourists’cognition.It is expected to reduce the possibility of criminal behavior by optimizing the park space environment and creating a positive park atmosphere,so as to provide some practical guidance for the future research of park security.