The Impact Of China Railway Express On City Exports

In recent years,as a newly opened international transport channel in Eurasia,China railway express(CRE)has played an important role as a carrier in implementing the "Belt and Road" initiative and promoting trade exchanges along the route.China railway express has been running for more than ten years,and it has received more and more attention,and the research on the effects of China railway express has become more and more abundant.In order to further explore the impact of China railway express on the trade,this paper verifies the trade effect of China railway express on the opening cities by constructing theoretical models and empirical research,and then expands the trade effect of the China railway express on cities within a specific geographical range around the opening cities.In this paper,it is proposed to conduct a more comprehensive discussion and verification of the urban trade effect of China railway express from both theoretical and empirical aspects.In terms of theory,this paper constructs a comparative advantage model including internal geography,derives and puts forward research hypotheses.At the same time,the development characteristics of China railway express are sorted out,which provides a practical basis for this paper.In terms of empirical evidence,this paper uses the train opening data,customs data and characteristic data of 293 cities from 2005～2016 to empirically analyze the trade effect of opening China railway express using DID.The results of benchmark regression analysis show that:(1)the exports to Europe of opening cities is not clear,but there is a significant positive trade effect on the unopened cities within 150～250KM around opening cities,which promotes the export to Europe of the cities within the range by25.5%～27.5%;(2)Considering the radiation effect of China railway express,the area of 250 km around the opening city is divided into the opening area,and China railway express significantly promotes the overall export trade volume of the opened area.The above empirical analysis verifies that the opening of the train has a promotion on the exports of the opening area and the cities around the opening station.Furthermore,the robustness test proves that the trade promotion effect of train opening on the opening area and cities within 150～250KM around the open city in the benchmark regression analysis is robust.This paper analyzes the heterogeneity of cities from two aspects:geographical location and export product types.The effect of the train on the exports of the opening areas in the western region,is more obvious.Secondly,compared with intermediate goods and final consumer goods,the opening of trains has promoted the exports of capital goods to a greater extent.Finally,based on the above empirical analysis results,this paper argues that the opening of China railway express significantly promotes the overall export trade of the opening area,especially the trade promotion effect on cities within150～250KM of the opening station.Accordingly,this paper puts forward suggestions such as strengthening infrastructure construction,improving the capacity and transportation timeliness of cargo source distribution,building a hub node city of China railway express,opening cities around the station to develop processing trade,and taking advantage of urban opening policies.This paper has the following three additions to the existing empirical research on China railway express: firstly,this paper does not use the total export trade of cities,but uses the total export trade volume of cities to Europe as the explanatory variable,which is more in line with the actual situation;Secondly,combined with the geographical distribution pattern of China,this paper constructs a theoretical model for the opening of China railway express and provides theoretical support for relevant empirical research.Finally,this paper expands the empirical research scope of China railway express from the opening city to the city within a specific geographical range of the opening city,and verifies the trade promotion effect of the China railway express on surrounding cities.