Research On The Optimization Strategy Of Children’s School Commuting Environment Based On Affordance Theory

The accelerated urbanisation and the motorised traffic-oriented urban development model have brought many conveniences but also posed a threat to children’s school travel activities home-school commute,which has led to thean urgent demand for a good schoolchildren’s commuting environment from all walks of life.For a long time,research and practice in urban planning and design have focused more on the aesthetics and form of the environment,and to a certain extent,lacked sufficient consideration of design from children’s perspective,resulting in the frequent occurrence of problems such as the scale of facilities not conforming to children’s physiological characteristics,and children’s inability to correctly understand the design intentions and usage of environmental facilities,which has maderesulting in children being passively exposed tosuffer from traffic accidents,environmental pollution and The problem of,accidental injuries and other difficulties in their home-school commute for a long time.The study of affordance theory from the perspective of environmental psychology always takes the interrelationship between humans and the environment as the starting point and the anchor point,and shows a stronger humanistic concern in the environmental planning and design.Based on this,this paper takes the interaction between children and environmental elements in the learning environment children’s commuting environment as the starting point,combines it with case studies,explores the affordance of environmental elements in the process of interaction with children,discovers the problems in children’s learning commuting environment based on the analysis of analysing the results of environment and behaviour measurement,and proposes targeted optimization design strategies.First,based on the summary of related concepts and research theories,we analyse the two major measurement objects of in studying the affordance of the children’s learning commuting environment-children’s behaviour and environmental elements.In terms of children’s commuting behaviour,on the basis of finding the internal mechanism of children’s behavioural activities through the analysis of children’s physiological and psychological characteristics,the internal mechanism of children’s behavioral activities is grasped,and children’s behavioural actions in the outdoor environment are classified into five categories.Then,according to the different stages and specific situations of children’s interaction with the environment,children’s behavioural activities are further classified into four categories: perceived affordances,utilised affordances,created affordances and socio-cultural affordances.In the area of children’s commuting environment,with the guidance of the needs of children’s physical and mental characteristics and behavioural activities posed on environmental elements,the research results and practical methods at home and abroad were combined to select and screen the elements of children’s commuting environment measurement.The chosen features were revised under the guidance of the research results,and finally,four major categories and 22 small items of safety,convenience,comfort and fun environmental elements were obtained.Secondly,based on the analysis and generalisation of the measurement objects in the previous paper,a measurement system of children’s commuting environment and behaviour was constructed,and an evaluation matrix of available performance was formed to clarify the key elements that should be grasped in the measurement process.Subsequently,we propose a quantitative analysis method for the quantity and quality of the affordance of children’s commuting environment,including a spatial analysis method that reflects the spatial distribution and aggregation characteristics of the affordance and a supply-demand shortage ratio analysis that demonstrates the relationship between affordance and demand.Finally,an analysis system for measuring the affordance of children’s commuting environment based on the affordance theory is established.Based on the above,this paper selects the school district of Beijing Xicheng Jinbu Primary School as the study area and conducts an example study.We measured the affordance of children’s commuting environment in four typical environmental samples in the study area in three stages and analysed the frequency,quality,spatial distribution,and supply-demand shortage ratio based on the measurement results.And then,we obtained the overall characteristics of the affordance performance of the general school environment in the study area,the affordance performance differences in the process of children’s interaction with the environment in the four environmental samples,and the supply-demand relationship of the children’s commuting environment affordance in the study area.i.e.,overall,utilised affordances occur most frequently while created affordances occur least frequently;in terms of the occurrence quality of affordances,the positive and negative utilised affordances and perceived affordances are at a high level;in terms of related environmental elements,the highest number of affordances occurred around safety elements;the occurrence of different quality of affordances shows a more apparent spatial clustering centered on landscape facilities.The results of the supply-demand analysis of affordances in the study area reflect that children have high demands for safety and fun elements in Jinbu primary school commuting environment,and the convenience elements can better meet children’s demand for children’s commuting.Finally,based on the issues mentioned above,design principles are formulated in terms of right-of-way protection,perceptual interaction,spatial integration and refined design,and four design strategies are proposed for the optimization of children’s school environment in terms of spatial design,facility optimization,landscape enhancement and management implementation.