Spatial Structure Evolution And Environmental Response Of Urban Agglomeration In Shandong Peninsula

The expansion and structural evolution of urban agglomerations can have a significant impact on the environment.It is important to study these characteristics,as well as to optimize the spatial structure of these agglomerations for their eco-environmental protection and high-quality development.Based on statistical data and OSM road network data,this thesis explores the characteristics and evolution of the spatial structure of urban agglomerations from the perspectives of hierarchical scale structure,functional structure and network structure,taking the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration as an example,using research methods such as urban primary degree,location quotient,rank-size rule,Nelson’s urban function method,modified gravity model and space syntax;Analysis of CNLUCC data,water and air environmental pollutant emissions and other data using land use type change rate,land use type transfer matrix,landscape pattern index,spatial autocorrelation and correlation analysis to study the environmental evolution characteristics of urban agglomerations and their response mechanisms to spatial structure;In view of the problems of the spatial structure of the urban agglomerations,the SWOT model is used to propose optimization countermeasures to provide professional reference for the formulation of relevant plans and policies,provide a scientific basis for the coordinated and integrated development of the region,and promote the high-quality development of the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration and even the Yellow River Basin.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）The hierarchical structure of the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration is gradually improving,but a megacity behemoth has yet to form.The concentration of population and economy is not high,and there is a need to strengthen the core position of Jinan and Qingdao.Energy production and extraction,manufacturing,institutional and group services,finance and real estate and construction are the basic functions of the urban agglomeration,with manufacturing declining in scale but still the largest,and the scale of functions of commerce and social services significantly below the national average.As a result of industrial restructuring,the functional intensity of the energy production and extraction industry and the manufacturing industry in the urban agglomeration tends to weaken,while the functional intensity of the construction industry,the financial and real estate industry,and the commercial industry increases,and the functional intensity of the transportation,storage,post and telecommunications industry does not change much,while the functional intensity of the three service industries is lower overall.The centrality,accessibility and traffic flow carrying capacity of the overall road network of the urban agglomeration are improved from 2013-2019,but the development of the road network at local and global scales is not coordinated.（2）All domestic wastewater emissions increased in the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration,and industrial water environmental pollutant emissions decreased year by year;from 2006 to 2017,SO₂,PM2.5 and soot emissions decreased,and CO₂rose year by year.The area of ecological land except water has decreased,with the fastest change in land use type between 2005 to 2010.The urban resident population has a positive effect on wastewater emissions,a significant negative effect on SO₂and PM2.5,and an insignificant effect on CO₂;the economic size quartile has an insignificant effect on the water environment and a positive effect on air environment pollutants.The larger the population size,the relatively faster the growth in construction land,with cities in the second tier of economic size having a high rate of change in construction land.Transportation,storage,post and telecommunications,construction and financial real estate industries have a higher demand for construction land;specialized cities in energy production and extraction,manufacturing,construction and commerce have higher pollutant emissions,lower economic efficiency in resource use,and traditional resource-based and industrial industries are in urgent need of transformation and upgrading.Traffic has a greater impact on changes in specific land types at specific scales;the ecosystem around the Jiqing Expressway is less complex,with increased landscape fragmentation.（3）Based on the perspective of protecting the environment,the Shandong Peninsula city agglomeration should further improve the hierarchical structure of the city agglomeration,enhance the competitiveness of the core cities,adjust and optimize the industrial structure,create specialized and distinctive industries,improve the transport network structure and protect the ecological environment around the highway.