Study On The Influence Of The Expressway On The Urban Spatial Evolution In The Blue Economic Zone Of Shandong Peninsula

Cities are the main carriers of people’s life and production.There are various kinds of communication and cooperation between cities.Traffic is an important tool for the continuous exchange and movement of the population and goods between cities.It seems that one of the city’s blood runs through the city,which can drive the development of the city and make the city full of vitality.For thousands of years,transportation has been expanding as a link between cities and bridges.History has proved that traffic will have a profound impact on the size,form and layout of urban space,and the rapid development of high speed traffic in recent years has promoted the continuous evolution of urban space.With its powerful traffic capacity,fast speed and flexible transport mode,expressways have greatly improved the transportation capacity,and the influence on the development of urban space is also significant and profound.Therefore,correctly grasping the influence of expressway on the urban spatial evolution is of great reference and guidance for the healthy development of urban space.The blue economic zone of Shandong peninsula is an economic function area with strong comprehensive competitiveness.The continuous construction and improvement of the expressway in the region can effectively strengthen the rational evolution of urban space and promote the rapid development of urbanization.By combing the relevant research progress and theoretical basis,taking the expressway and city in the blue economic zone of Shandong Peninsula as the research object,by using the software drawing of ArcGIS,Corel Draw and so on,the evolution characteristics of the urban space scale are measured by using the growth rate,the population density and the ground average GDP,and the expansion strength of the urban space is measured.Index,compactness,fractal dimension and shape index are used to study the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of urban spatial morphology,and the internal spatial interaction of urban agglomeration is analyzed by entropy measure index,accessibility and gravitational model,and the evolution of urban land distribution is analyzed with information entropy and equilibrium degree.The study found that:(1)The expressway mileage in the blue economic zone of Shandong peninsula is positively related to urban population and economic growth,and the correlation coefficient is 0.8102 and 0.931,which promotes the transfer of industrial structure from the first industry to the two or three industry.From 2001 to2015,the expansion elasticity coefficient of the central urban built-up areas fluctuated,the population density decreased and the ground average GDP increased continuously.The construction land in the central urban areas showed a growing trend,the city of Qingdao increased from 133.03km~2to 469.4km~2,the coefficient of change of construction land was up to14.79%,the increase was the largest,while Dongying increased from 84.37km~2to 116 km~2,and the change index of construction land was only 3.02%,the growth rate is the smallest;the scale evolution of different types of construction land in different cities is different.(2)in terms of urban expansion time characteristics,according to the urban expansion strength index,the cities within different periods of time are divided into different expansion periods,and more than20%belong to the rapid expansion period,which belongs to the steady expansion period between 10%-20%,and less than 10%belongs to the slow expansion period;Influenced by the expressway,the spatial form of every city center is expanding,the azimuth expansion radar map is obtained.The entropy measure index As(s)falls from 0.7287 to 0.7201,and TS(s)rises by0.44;the intercity accessibility is increasing,the rate of change is above 70%,and the economic contact intensity between cities is increasing continuously.(3)In the past 2001-2015 years,the entropy and balance of urban land use information showed a tendency to rise first and then decline,and the expansion mode of urban land use was developed with"filling and spreading",and the equilibrium needs to be further improved.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The expressway plays a great role in the expansion of the urban space scale in the blue economic zone of Shandong Peninsula,and promotes the evolution of the overall and different types of urban construction land.(2)Expressway promotes the evolution of urban spatial form,and makes the built-up area of the central city extend along the expressway,enhancing the role of urban economic agglomeration and improving the accessibility and spatial interaction between cities.(3)The construction of expressway affects the evolution of urban spatial layout.In terms of land use layout,the layout of urban commercial sites,industrial land and residential land has evolved continuously.In the area of industrial layout,six industrial development axes are formed in the area,and each axis is interlaced under traffic conditions and continuously linked,which effectively generates a close industrial network.