| In Yunnan Province,there exists a city called Chuxiong,which is known as the origin of human beings.Due to its geographical location,the city has pleasant climate,beautiful natural scenery and rich animal and plant resources.It is literally a "provincial wall barrier,central Yunnan Corridor and Sichuan-Yunnan passage".In addition to the Yi ethnic group,which makes up the majority of the population,other ethnic groups also live in Chuxiong.The ancestors of the Yi nationality migrated to the southwest of China from afar in ancient times.After thousands of years of reproduction,they became one of the main ethnic minorities in this area.The history of the Yi nationality can be traced back to the time of Emperor Di.After a long period of closed development and communication and integration with other ethnic groups,the Yi nationality has been passed down from generation to generation,forming its own writing system and splendid and unique culture.Among them,the traditional settlements in the Yi region serve as the material carrier to witness the inheritance and historical changes of the Yi culture.It is of great significance to understand the history,culture,social relations,national customs and religious beliefs of the Yi nationality.Based on a large number of field investigations,ancient architectural drawings and relevant data collection,this paper analyzes and summarizes traditional settlements from the aspects of architectural form,appearance features and landscape imagery,and further discusses the protection and sustainable development modes of Yi settlements at different levels.This paper firstly summarizes the topography and geomorphic features of Chuxiong Yi Area by sorting out a lot of data,and explores the historical regime,ethnic origin and family system of the Yi people.On the basis of studying the Yi nationality’s diversified traditional beliefs and worship,national festivals,folk activities,clothing,food and other cultures,the essence of the national culture was extracted.On the basis of protection and inheritance,abstract elements and symbols containing the essence of Yi culture are extracted and applied to the cultural tourism development projects with regional and ethnic characteristics in Chuxiong.Finally,from the aspects of plane space function,facade morphological characteristics,structural characteristics and other aspects of different types of typical dwellings in the survey,the architectural characteristics of Yi’s representative tile-roofed houses,earth-paw houses,wood-frame tile-roofed houses and new rural dwellings are deeply analyzed.Based on the road,boundary,region,central node and marker mentioned by Kevin Lynch in the study of urban landscape image,this paper establishes the pattern of studying the landscape image of Yi nationality’s traditional settlements through these five elements,analyzes the morphological characteristics of settlements,finds out the node types that represent the living space and spiritual space,as well as the markers with special and strong morphological identification in settlements.The "recognizability" and "imageability" of traditional Yi settlements are summed up.By referring to Kevin Lynch’s mature mode of analyzing urban space,this paper analyzes settlement landscape space from a new perspective,providing a new set of ideas and viewpoints for the study of landscape design for ethnic minorities. |
