Study On Rural Spatial Governance And Its Driving Mechanism Of Eco-immigrant Settlements Under The Development Of Rural Tourism

Ecological immigrant settlement is an important form of rural economic,social and cultural space reconstruction,there are late integration and insufficient development phenomenon,facing certain problems of spatial governance.The development of rural tourism brings vitality to the development of ecological immigrant settlements,and provides a certain opportunity for the improvement of rural spatial governance in ecological immigrant settlements.In this process,a corresponding heterogeneous actor network is formed.However,there are few studies on the rural spatial governance of ecological migrant settlements based on the actor network theory.Therefore,based on the background of tourism development,this study selects Zhenbeibu Village,Haoyuan Village and Huaxi Village,three major tourism villages with different levels of development,as examples.Based on grounded theory and actor network theory,semi-structured interview method is adopted for investigation and analysis,and the main actors of spatial governance of three tourism villages are sorted out through rooted coding.Through the translation process,the heterogeneous actor network is constructed,and then the spatial governance process and model of each tourism village under the background of tourism development are explored,and the driving mechanism and optimization path of rural spatial governance of Zhenbeibu Town are further analyzed.The study found:(1)The spatial governance actors in the three tourism villages mainly involve human actors such as town government,village committee,villagers,enterprises and tourists,as well as non-human actors such as industrial forms,rural environment,social networks,rural culture and digital platforms,and the frequency of each tourism village is different.The village with better tourism development degree,The frequency contribution of each actor in the composition dimension of rural spatial governance is correspondingly large.(2)The governance process of each tourism village is based on the overall guidance and planning management of the town government and the "village two committees".Through the process of interest conferment,recruitment and mobilization,other relevant actors are combined to conduct rural spatial governance and form their own governance process mechanisms.And according to the governance process and tourism development differences of tourism villages,formed their own rural spatial governance model.As a mature tourism area,Zhenbeibu Village is a comprehensive governance model of "administrative subject+comprehensive tourism enterprise+cooperative+villagers+tourists+industry+culture".Haoyuan Village is a tourism development area with a special governance model of "administrative body+winery enterprise+villagers+digital+ecology".Huaxi Village is a potential tourism area with a leasing management model of "administrative body+foreign enterprises+villagers+industry+base".(3)By analyzing the process and mode of rural spatial governance of the three tourism villages representing mature tourism areas,tourism development areas and tourism potential areas,the overall driving mechanism of spatial governance of Zhenbeibu Town under the background of tourism development is summarized,which mainly involves guidance,support,operation,engine and feedback mechanism.Under the interaction and cooperation of the five mechanisms,It provides the power source for the improvement of rural space governance in Zhenbeibu Town.(4)Through field investigation and analysis of objections in the governance process,it is found that there are still certain deficiencies in the rural spatial governance of Zhenbeibu Town.In view of this,based on the actor network theory,this study proposes corresponding optimization paths for the improvement of the rural spatial governance of Zhenbeibu Town from the perspectives of human actors and non-human actors,so as to promote the sustainable development of Zhenbeibu Town.It also provides the corresponding theoretical basis for the development and optimization regulation of other similar ecological migrant settlements.