| As an important component of traditional residential architecture,the courtyard not only provides residents with opportunities for natural lighting,ventilation,and close proximity to nature but also serves as an ideal space for family and social interactions.It reflects the regional environment and social culture of an area,representing the soul and spiritual core of traditional dwellings.Throughout history,countless poems,articles,and songs vividly depict the unique charm of courtyard spaces,showcasing their allure.However,with rapid societal development and the impact of external cultures,traditional dwellings face significant challenges.During the investigation of residential architecture in Tongling Town,the author observed a mixture of old and new dwellings,diverse forms of newly constructed residences,and haphazard development,gradually eroding the urban fabric.One notable consequence is the gradual disappearance of courtyard spaces within residences.Therefore,in response to this phenomenon,it becomes essential to contemplate the significance of courtyard spaces in residential dwellings,their relevance in modern lifestyles,and the defining features required to meet contemporary living needs.Against this backdrop,this study focuses on the courtyards within residential dwellings in Tongling Town,employing theoretical tools such as typology for analysis and research.After conducting detailed investigations into the courtyard spaces in this region and the ways in which local residents utilize them,the study categorizes and analyzes the courtyard spaces in Tongling Town from an external to internal perspective.This is achieved by examining the spatial characteristics and evaluating their usage,ultimately identifying underlying patterns.The paper consists of six chapters.The first chapter serves as an introduction,providing a clear overview of the research theme by defining the study’s scope as the courtyard spaces within residential dwellings in Tongling Town.The second chapter focuses on foundational research,presenting the basic information on residential dwellings in Tongling Town,the methods for analyzing courtyard spaces,and the application of typology in courtyard space studies.In the third chapter,typology theory is utilized to categorize the courtyard spaces in Tongling Town into four types: "Single-side Courtyard," "Double-side Courtyard," "Triple-side Courtyard," and "Quadruple-side Courtyard," based on their spatial composition.Furthermore,the chapter analyzes each courtyard type’s spatial characteristics,examining their spatial form,scale,and functional attributes,thereby identifying the spatial compositional elements specific to each courtyard type in Tongling Town.In the fourth chapter,utilizing the semantic differential method,the study quantitatively evaluates the spatial environment of the courtyards in Tongling Town.Through questionnaire surveys and data analysis,the evaluation data of different courtyard types are obtained,followed by a deeper analysis using factor analysis.This analysis reveals the overall architectural environment characteristics of residential courtyard spaces in Tongling Town and the respective architectural environment characteristics of each courtyard type,summarizing the perceived spatial environment of each type.In the fifth chapter,the qualitative research on spatial characteristics is combined with the quantitative research on the psychological level,deducing the spatial environment evaluation corresponding to the spatial compositional elements of each courtyard type.The chapter summarizes the characteristics of different types of courtyards and their corresponding usage effects in residential dwellings in Tongling Town,identifying courtyard space types that align better with the local regional features,thus providing references and ideas for the future development of courtyard spaces in local residential dwellings.The final chapter concludes the paper with a summary and outlook for future research. |
