Research On The Differentiation Strategy Of Creating Rural Public Space Based On The Identification Of Spiritual Elements Of Place

China’s rural public space is in a stage of transformation and development,and a series of policies on rural construction have been actively introduced from the national level to the provincial level,hoping to improve the decay of rural public space and make up for the loss of rural spiritual civilization caused by rapid urbanization.In the current rural public space creation,there is a direct adoption of urban planning methods,ignoring the complexity of rural construction,making the rural landscape more and more urbanized,leading to problems such as "a thousand villages".Scientific and reasonable planning of rural public space to meet people’s growing material and cultural needs and spiritual needs has become an important issue of concern for the industry and academia.The rural revitalization strategy has led to the improvement of rural habitat and the construction of rural spiritual civilization,which has led to the gradual change of the study of rural areas from material space to spiritual needs.Rural public space is an open material carrier for all kinds of public interaction activities and bears rural history and vernacular memories.As the core part of the rural system,it plays an important role in improving the appearance of the countryside,maintaining the vitality of the countryside,and cultivating a sense of rural identity.The creation of rural public spaces involves the needs of multiple interests such as local villagers,foreigners and tourists,and the public spaces in different types of villages have different characteristics.Based on the correlation between the spirit of place and rural public space,this paper quantifies the abstract concept of the spirit of place,constructs a system for creating rural public space based on the spirit of place,and proposes strategies for creating public space in different types of villages,and verifies the scientificity and feasibility of the quantified elements with empirical cases.The paper firstly compares the logical relationship between rural public space and the spirit of place,and defines the types of villages in this study.On this basis,the research scope of rural public space is analyzed in terms of its basic characteristics,constituent elements,transmutation history and typological division.The definition and characteristics of the spirit of place and related theories are analyzed in depth,which leads to the consideration of the correlation between the two.The role mechanism of rural public space and the spirit of place is summarized,and the importance of shaping and inheriting the spirit of place in the creation of rural public space is argued.Secondly,the quantitative analysis of the components of the spirit of place in rural public space is proposed to break the status quo of traditional qualitative analysis.Based on theoretical research,the elements of the spirit of place are divided into 11 specific elements,and the Delphi method and hierarchical analysis are used to analyze the weight of the elements of the spirit of place in different types of villages,so as to derive the importance of each element in the creation of public space and to guide the focus of the creation of public space in different types of villages.According to the characteristics of different types of villages,the current public space creation cases are summarized in different categories,and the creation methods of different components of the spirit of place are used to lay the foundation for the creation system and specific strategies.Finally,we construct a system for creating rural public space based on the spirit of place,develop a method for exploring the components of the spirit of place in space,and propose general development principles from a macro level.Based on the results of the quantitative analysis of the components of the spirit of place in different types of villages,we propose strategies for the creation of public space.In addition,in order to verify the scientificity of the quantitative analysis and the feasibility of the creation strategy,an empirical study is conducted in one type of village to assist in providing practical solutions for the creation of rural public space in a more precise manner,with a view to helping the construction of rural spiritual civilization in practice.