Study On The Spatial And Temporal Evolution And Spatial Reconfiguration Of Rural Settlements In Small Resource-based Cities

Rural settlement is the traditional form of residence of rural population in China,and it is also the main gathering place for farmers to engage in life,production and cultural inheritance under the specific relationship between people and land in rural areas.Since the 18 th National Congress,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has been actively promoting the construction of new socialist countryside in order to promote the development of rural areas,improve the living environment of rural areas,and improve rural infrastructure.2018,along with the rapid promotion of new urbanization and the strategy of rural revitalization,urban-rural conflicts have become increasingly prominent in the process of implementing the development strategy,resulting in inefficient land use,high rate of land idleness,and "hollowing out" of the countryside.The problems of inefficient land use,high rate of idle land and "hollowing out" of the countryside have emerged.In the context of the rural revitalization strategy to realize the integrated development of rural and urban areas,it is imperative to narrow the gap between rural and urban areas,improve rural land,promote intensive land use and improve rural living conditions.Jinchang City,located in the arid zone in the northwestern part of China,faces the problems of congenital water shortage,resource depletion,serious population loss and poor ecological environment.In the context of rural revitalization,the objective challenge of developing rural settlements in Jinchang City in the midst of shrinkage is how to scientifically and effectively guide the future development direction of the countryside and reconfigure its village space,which is the main concern and urgent problem to be solved in rural development.Resource-based cities are highly dependent on resources,and their formation and development processes are inextricably linked to resource conditions.However,the non-renewable nature and declining availability of resources determine the inevitable trend of development difficulties after a certain period of time.In the future development process of resource-based cities,the rural revitalization strategy is a new opportunity for village development and a new challenge for the sustainable dynamics of rural settlements.This paper takes Jinchang,one of the resource-based industrial and mining cities in northwest China,which is typical and representative,as an example,and adopts the "spatial and temporal evolution-influencing factors-spatial reconstruction" research based on four periods of land use data in 1980,1995,2010 and 2020,using landscape pattern index and GIS spatial analysis.-Spatial Reconfiguration" is adopted to analyze the evolution characteristics of rural settlements in Jinchang in both time and space through four perspectives: population change and changes in the scale,aggregation,density and morphology of rural settlements,and to reveal the factors affecting the evolution of rural settlements.reconstructing scheme for rural settlements,classifying rural settlements in Jinchang into four categories: town expansion type,key construction type,resource tapping type and development guiding type,and proposing differentiated development strategies according to different development types of villages,which provides reference for the implementation of rural revitalization strategy on the ground and has certain practical reference significance for the spatial dynamic development of rural settlements.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)From 1980 to 2020,the evolution of rural settlements in Jinchang City shows spatial differentiationDuring the four decades,the area and number of rural settlements in Jinchang City show a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,and the distribution pattern of its rural settlements gradually moves from dispersion to aggregation,showing large-scale development.At the spatial level,the distribution of rural settlements is generally characterized as "sparse in the north and dense in the south",mainly distributed in the southern oasis plain area of the study area;at the temporal level,the scale of rural settlements has been expanding and the trend of aggregation has been strengthening,with significant spatial variability.(2)The main factors for the formation of rural settlements in Jinchang are location and socio-economic factorsThe spatial distribution of rural settlements in Jinchang is the result of the joint action of natural and socio-economic factors,and the early rural settlements have obvious spatial distribution characteristics,often distributed in areas with low slope and close to rivers,roads and towns.Due to the shortage of water resources in Jinchang,the layout of rural settlements was influenced by the directionality of rivers,and the closer the roads and rivers were,the larger the area and number of rural settlements were;the industrialization of resource-based cities had a greater influence on the layout of rural settlements,and the development of industrialization and urbanization drove the economic income of farmers,which was also a direct motivation for the expansion of rural settlements,and had an impact on the development of rural The development of industrialization and urbanization drives the economic income of farm households and is a direct motivation for the expansion of rural settlements.(3)The spatial agglomeration of rural settlements has become the main evolutionary trend of rural settlements in JinchangDue to the influence of resource endowment,rural settlements in the early study area were mostly distributed around the core resource extraction area.In the stage of spatial reconfiguration of rural settlements,the scattered settlements were moved to areas with better geographical conditions and stronger development potential by means of aggregation and migration,thus increasing the aggregation of rural settlements.Through the analysis of the current land use characteristics of rural settlements in Jinchang and the evaluation of land suitability,it is found that the land use conditions of rural settlements in Jinchang are generally good,and the land use of most rural settlements is relatively suitable.The spatial reconfiguration of rural settlements is divided into four types of development modes: town expansion type,key construction type,resource tapping type and development guidance type,and corresponding development strategies are proposed for different types of settlements to promote the implementation of rural revitalization strategy and improve the dynamic socio-spatial adaptability.