Quantitative Evaluation Of The Attraction Intensity Of Visual Elements Of Highway Landscape And Study On The Law Of Aesthetic Perception

Under the strategic background of "beautiful China" and "integration of traffic and tourism" in the new era,the highway has changed from a single transportation function to a composite function of landscape,recreation and ecology,which puts forward higher requirements for highway landscape.Landscape design has become increasingly important in the field of road engineering.Visual elements and their dynamic perception are important factors that determine the success or failure of highway landscape design.In order to scientifically and accurately analyze the complex process of people perceiving the spatial information transmitted by the visual elements of the landscape in the dynamic environment,the key to solve the problem is to clarify the dynamic perception characteristics of the landscape elements of the highway,the visual attraction characteristics to the drivers and passengers and the law of attraction intensity.In this study,the concept of visual attraction factors and indicators and visual attraction intensity are proposed,and the visual attraction mechanism of highway landscape space is revealed from the aspects of visual attention,visual attraction,visual attraction characteristics and effects;In view of 30 landscape point elements,linear elements and spatial elements in the three typical highway landscape scenes of mountain highway landscape,plain highway landscape and elevated highway landscape,31 subjects were selected to carry out the quantitative evaluation experiment of visual attraction preference of highway landscape based on dynamic perception,and simultaneously collect the quantitative evaluation data of subjective preference,eye movement data,and skin electrical,EEG,and pulse physiological data,Combined with the real-time subjective quantitative evaluation equipment and subjective evaluation questionnaire survey,the subjective evaluation data of people on the visual attraction elements of highway landscape space are obtained.On this basis,the quantitative evaluation model of highway landscape attraction intensity is constructed,the quantitative relationship between highway landscape visual attraction elements and attraction intensity is revealed,and the quantitative method and action law of highway landscape attraction intensity and dynamic aesthetic perception of attraction subject are clarified.The main work and achievements of this study include:The results show that the landscape elements of straight line,slope top section and small enclosure,as well as the landscape elements of mountains,landmark buildings,beautiful bridges and green plants,will significantly enhance the aesthetic preferences of the subjects;The change of highway horizontal alignment usually has a positive impact on subjective preference score,while the change of highway longitudinal slope has no significant impact on score;By analyzing the correlation among subjective preference score,green vision rate and encirclement degree,it can be seen that there is a significant correlation between score and encirclement degree.The Pearson correlation coefficient is-0.393,with a low correlation degree,while there is a significant correlation between green vision rate and encirclement degree,with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.690,with a medium correlation degree.The total duration of fixation(s),the proportion of total duration of fixation(%),the average duration of fixation(s),the number of fixation(n)and the average pupil diameter(mm)were used as eye movement indicators α Wave sum β Total power,average power,percentage of power,and EEG power spectrum α/β Value as the EEG evaluation index,SC as the EEG index,lf/hf and SDNN as the heart rate index to obtain the dynamic landscape visual and physiological perception data of the attractive subjects.The results show that the subjects’ visual perception is highly consistent with the subjective preference evaluation.There is a significant correlation between EEG and heart rate,and between EEG and heart rate.The Pearson correlation coefficients are 0.790 and 0.632 respectively.There is a significant correlation between subjective preference score and EEG,It verifies that eye movement analysis and physiological analysis based on EEG,EEG and pulse are scientific and reasonable for quantitative evaluation of aesthetic preference of highway landscape.Based on the quantitative research experiment,the evaluation index of highway landscape attraction intensity is proposed,and the attraction intensity calculation model based on eye movement,EEG,EEG and pulse is established to clarify the interaction law between attraction intensity and dynamic aesthetic perception.Through the comparative analysis between the attraction intensity curve and the subjective evaluation curve,it is found that the attraction intensity of landscape elements has a high similarity with the change trend of subjective evaluation,that is,the attraction intensity of highway landscape is consistent with aesthetic preference,visual perception and physiological response perception,which proves the accuracy of the attraction intensity model of highway landscape spatial visual elements proposed in this study,and the research results can provide a reference for the quantitative design of highway landscape elements.