Research On Street Design Evaluation Based On Healthy Street Approach

Street,as the "skeleton" of the city,has both the physical attribute of traffic space and the social attribute of communication life.Under the influence of the concept of "car-oriented" urban traffic development,street space has been redefined,focusing only on the traffic efficiency of motor vehicles,but ignoring people’s basic demands on the street.The contradiction between people and vehicles is becoming more and more serious,and the phenomenon is common that the right of way is occupied by motor vehicles,which not only increases the traffic safety hidden dangers of people’s travel and seriously threatens personal safety but also leads to the decline of the quality of street space,lack of vitality and environmental deterioration.It gradually reduces the safety and comfort of street use,and people begin to "stay away" from the street,reducing the activity time of active walking and cycling,resulting in people sitting still for a long time and posing a health threat due to lack of exercise.With the implementation of the "Healthy China" strategy,the construction of healthy cities,and the impact of covid-19 on people’s physical and mental health in recent years,the research on street design based on public health has gradually come into the vision of researchers and become a research hotspot.At the same time,China is also facing a series of problems in the process of street renewal,such as weak awareness of street public space,uneven space distribution,reconstruction and light management,so we need a street design and management method that takes public health as the core and solves the dilemma of street renewal.In this context,as a new street design concept and method,the British Healthy Street theory conforms to the law of urban development,meets the needs of decision-makers and designers in the process of street renewal,and realizes people’s willingness to improve the quality of the street environment.The core of the Healthy Street theory is the Healthy Street Approach,and the prerequisite for the implementation of the method is Healthy Street Evaluation.Based on the evaluation framework,there are three evaluation methods and tools proposed for different users.Taking the Healthy Street as the starting point,this paper explores and constructs a Healthy Street Evaluation System in line with the current situation of streets in China by introducing the Healthy Street Approach-Evaluation-Evaluation tools,and finally taking the healthy street design check for decision-makers and designers as the main research object,and taking the renewal design of streets in Beijing’s core area as the empirical research and verification object.And guide the street renewal with the evaluation results,realize the big impact with small change,improve people’s street experience,and then create a good street space that can promote people’s active travel,improve and enhance people’s health status,and realize healthy streets and healthy cities.There are six chapters consisting of the paper.The first chapter is the introduction.It mainly introduces the research background,the proposal of problems,the definition of relevant concepts,the purpose and significance of the research,the research methods and contents,and the research framework.The second chapter is the basic research of the Healthy Street theory.It summarizes the development of modern landscape architecture driven by public health,the research and practice of healthy streets at home and abroad,and especially makes an in-depth analysis of the theoretical focus and methods of Healthy Streets in this paper,to lay a foundation for the follow-up theoretical and practical research.The third chapter is the in-depth study of Healthy Street Evaluation and Healthy Street Design Check.It introduces the evaluation framework and approach of Healthy Streets in detail,and selects the Healthy Street Design Check(HSCD)used by decision-makers and designers for a comprehensive exposition,including the analysis of the inspection matrix,index system and the index scoring content of Britain and Australia,and summarizes the similarities and differences.The fourth chapter is the empirical research of design inspection.Taking the avenue project in the renewal design of streets in the core functional area of the capital as an example,the design check is used to score and evaluate the 58 streets in the plan one by one;The first is to find and analyze the current situation of the street.The second is to test the feasibility and scientificity of the design inspection and find the deficiencies and the direction of optimization and improvement.The fifth chapter is the construction of the Beijing Healthy Street Evaluation System in the core functional area of the capital.Based on the Healthy Street Design Check in the UK and Australia,combined with the street space elements covered by other Healthy Street,as well as the lack of feedback in the practice of design check,relevant planning,guidelines and standards,a Healthy Street Design Evaluation System in line with the current situation of Street Renewal in the core functional area of the capital is formulated.It provides a reference for the construction of healthy streets in Beijing and even across the country.The sixth chapter is the conclusion and prospect.This paper combs and summarizes the research subjects and key points analyzes the reasons for the shortcomings of the research and looks forward to the further deepening and development of the research content.In short,with the advancement of the implementation of street renewal,the Healthy Street Evaluation System is used for quantitative evaluation to find the shortcomings restricting the development of the street,coordinate the participants,take specific design specifications as a tool to improve the street environment,the accurate management of the street,and establish a full life cycle slow-walking shade promotion mode to respond to the requirements of urban public health and building a people’s city.