| As one of the key areas of air pollution control in China,Jing-Jin-Ji area’s compounding air pollution problems have become more prominent.Because of great differences in air quality and economic development among regions,the externality of air quality improvement in Jing-Jin-Ji area has become the crux of restricting regional coordinated emission reduction.The air quality ecological compensation mechanism can help solve the externality problems to a certain extent.In order to control and prevent the air pollution in Jing-Jin-Ji area,it is urgent to establish and improve the air quality ecological compensation system.This paper focuses on the air quality ecological compensation from three aspects,i.e.,policy effect,compensation standard and willingness to pay.Firstly,this paper quantitatively evaluates the policy effects by using Differences-in-Differences model,which can clarify the impact of the implementation of air quality compensation measures on air quality.Secondly,based on multi-regional Input-Output Model,this paper estimates the economic losses caused by emission reduction measures,so as to measure emission reduction cost,and to discuss whether the allocation of compensation funds is rational.Thirdly,this paper collects relevant data through questionnaire surveys and estimates residents’ willingness to pay for the air quality ecological compensation in Jing-Jin-Ji area,and identify the influence factor of willingness.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows.Firstly,from the perspective of the compensation effect,the penalties measures can significantly improve the air quality.In order to continuously stimulate the effect of compensation fund policy,the main pollutants should be included in the assessment and evaluation in time,and the reward and punishment mechanism should be improved.Secondly,as for compensation standard,the results show that the impact of emission reduction measures on urban economic system has a significant spillover effect.And the compensation funds received by most cities are not enough to make up for the losses caused by emergency emission reductions during heavy pollution periods.Relevant compensation standards should be adjusted in time according to the actual situation,and specifically implement the distribution plan of compensation funds.Finally,referring to willingness to pay for compensation,the average willingness to pay for environmental air quality ecological compensation of residents in the Jing-Jin-Ji area is 956.28 yuan per year.Education level and health status have the positive impact on willingness to pay.Policy makes should pay attention to cultivating residents’ awareness of air pollution risks and environmental protection awareness. |
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