Study On The Impact Of The Establishment Of China Pilot Free Trade Zone On Air Pollution And Its Intermrediary Mechanism

With the development of economic globalization,the idea of free trade has exerted a profound influence on all countries.The intensive international trade activities have increased the relations between countries and promoted the more outward-oriented foreign trade policy in today’s world.In this context,China,as the world’s second largest economy and a strong engine of global economic development,is also exploring deeper trade liberalization.Our country free trade zone policy as the new era foreign trade in-depth attempt,for our country into the world economy and international standards has the important significance.At the same time,along with the expansion of our foreign trade scale,the environmental problem is gradually paid attention to by the society.The relationship between trade liberalization and environmental pollution has always been controversial.The establishment of China’s free trade area has great research significance on the impact of environmental pollution..For this problem,this paper reviews the previous literature,first from the theoretical part of the study.Sorting out hypotheses about the relationship between free trade and environmental pollution:pollution refuge hypothesis and environmental Kuznets curve.The logical basis of the theory is elaborated,and the origin and development of the two hypotheses are summarized,as well as their verification in domestic and foreign studies.This paper summarizes the literature review on the impact of trade liberalization on environmental pollution.On this basis,the intermediary mechanism of trade liberalization affecting environmental pollution is further studied and summarized.Among them,the influence direction of economic scale on environmental pollution is uncertain,and the influence direction of industrial structure and technological innovation level on environmental pollution is negatively correlated.Therefore,this paper takes these three factors as mediating variables,and on the basis of studying the direct impact of the establishment of free trade zones on local air environmental pollution,further studies the mediating effect.In the empirical aspect,this paper uses panel data of 29 provincial administrative regions from 2004 to 2019 to carry out an empirical study.This paper analyzes the air environmental impact of the free trade zone by using the multi-period differential model and panel fixed effect.And the concrete mediating variables to establish the mediation effect model for empirical analysis;Then the heterogeneity of the first free trade zones in Shanghai,Tianjin,Guangdong and Fujian is analyzed.Bootstrap test and HCW method were used to further verify the results,which strengthened the credibility of the empirical results.Conclusion: On the whole level,the establishment of free trade zone reduces the level of local air pollution.Among them,the scale effect is not obvious,that is,the impact of economic growth on the air environment is not significant,which may be related to the imbalance of China’s overall economic development.The establishment of the free trade zone has significantly reduced the level of local air and environmental pollution by improving the industrial structure and technological innovation.In terms of heterogeneity,there are different or even opposite results,which are related to the local conditions.According to the conclusion,this paper puts forward some suggestions:first,adhere to and orderly expand the policy of free trade area;Secondly,each trade area should adjust its own conditions to local conditions rather than accept the whole experience.Third,raise the cost of pollution for enterprises.