| For a long time,the agricultural production in China has made great achievements,but at the same time accompanied by low resource utilization rate,agricultural environment has been destroyed and other phenomena.In this context,it is necessary to promote the rational agglomeration of agricultural industries,improve agricultural economic output,curb agricultural non-point source pollution and agricultural carbon emissions,and improve agricultural ecological efficiency.In addition,studies on industrial agglomeration and ecological efficiency tend to focus on the secondary and tertiary industries.Studies on the relationship between industrial agglomeration and ecological efficiency also focus on the industrial and service sectors,while there are few studies on agriculture.So,in the agricultural field,how does the change in agglomeration degree affect ecological efficiency? How did these effects come about? Will the impact be positive or negative? The solution of these problems can guide the agricultural economy and ecological environment to achieve a win-win situation and promote high-quality agricultural development and green transformation.In this paper,agricultural agglomeration,agricultural ecological efficiency and the impact of agricultural agglomeration on agricultural ecological efficiency are studied.Firstly,agricultural agglomeration and agricultural eco-efficiency were defined,and the theoretical framework of the impact of agricultural agglomeration on agricultural eco-efficiency was constructed based on economic growth theory,scale economy and Marshall externality,sustainable development theory and green total factor productivity theory;Secondly,based on the relevant data at the municipal level from 2007 to 2019,the Gini coefficient and geographic average agglomeration degree are used to explore the level of agricultural agglomeration in China,and the Super SBM model is used to measure the value of agricultural eco-efficiency;Finally,the spatial spillover effect and threshold effect of agricultural agglomeration on agricultural eco-efficiency were studied by using spatial Durbin model and panel threshold regression model.This paper draws the following conclusions:1.The overall agricultural agglomeration level is low,showing a fluctuating upward trend of "upwarddownward-up";different crops showed different degree of agglomeration and change trend;the levels of agricultural agglomeration in various regions showed significant regional differences,the agricultural agglomeration in Huang-Huai-Hai plain,Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas and northeast plain is higher,while the agricultural agglomeration in alpine plain is the lowest;at the municipal level,most of them show planar agglomeration;cities with high level of agglomeration developed stably and their rankings changed little.In terms of space,the high agglomeration areas are mainly concentrated in the northeast and central regions,and in a small area in Hulun Buir,Chongqing and other regions;moderate agglomeration areas are distributed around the high agglomeration areas,with a few distributed in northern Xinjiang and eastern Inner Mongolia;low-degree agglomeration areas are widely distributed in northwest,southwest and southeast coastal areas.In terms of quantity,low-degree agglomeration is the largest,followed by moderate agglomeration,and high-degree agglomeration is the least.2.The evolution of China’s agricultural eco-efficiency showed an M-shaped structure of "rise-declinerise-decline",and tended to rise as a whole;the variation trend of agroecological efficiency in the nine agricultural regions is mostly the same as that in the whole country,showing a trend of "upwarddownward-rising",but there are differences in individual regions;the regional agricultural eco-efficiency showed significant regional differences;the agricultural ecological efficiency of each city shows the characteristics of low efficiency agglomeration;agricultural ecological efficiency showed a trend of significant improvement,showing the spatial distribution characteristics of agglomeration and linear development;In terms of quantity,the number of highly efficient and inefficient cities increased,while the number of medium and very inefficient cities decreased.In terms of space,high-efficiency cities are mainly distributed in the southeastern coastal areas,northeastern regions,some areas of Xinjiang,southern Qinghai Province,Sichuan Province,the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River,and cities near the Yangtze River Basin,while medium-efficiency cities are scattered around high-efficiency cities.Among them,the agro-ecological efficiency of the middle reaches of the Yellow River and some cities in the southwest have been improved most significantly.3.Through theoretical and empirical analysis of the impact of agricultural agglomeration on agricultural ecological efficiency.Under the threshold effect,when the agricultural agglomeration degree is lower than the threshold value,it has a weak inhibition effect on agricultural eco-efficiency.When the degree of agricultural agglomeration is higher than the threshold value,agricultural agglomeration has a significant positive effect on agricultural ecological efficiency.Under the spatial spillover effect,agricultural agglomeration and agricultural eco-efficiency have spatial autocorrelation,and agricultural agglomeration plays a significant role in improving agricultural eco-efficiency.Among them,financial support for agriculture,agricultural economic level,openness to the outside world,agricultural structure,urbanization,rural education level,agricultural irrigation,and the gap between urban and rural areas,disaster rate,multiple cropping index,mechanization,and chemical inputs have a positive impact on the agricultural eco-efficiency.4.Based on the above research and analysis,the following policy suggestions are put forward:(1)Moderately guide agricultural agglomeration and maximize the use of positive externalities of agricultural agglomeration.(2)Promote the green transformation of agriculture and promote the ecological development of agriculture.(3)Promote new urbanization,narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas,and coordinate urban and rural development.(4)Strengthen coordination and cooperation between provinces and cities to coordinate regional development.(5)Optimize the allocation of agricultural resources and promote the development of agricultural economy.(6)strengthen management of government funds for supporting agriculture and promote green development of agriculture. |
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