Research On The Value Of Ecosystem Services In Northeast China:Influencing Factors And Spatial Spillover Effects

In the process of promoting the construction of a national ecological civilization,an in-depth study of ecosystem service values is of great significance for ecological protection and sustainable development.This paper first elaborates the concept and measurement model of ecosystem service value,calculates the ecosystem service value of each county in Northeast China by using the modified equivalent factor method,and explores the change trend and spatial correlation of ecosystem service value in Northeast China.Then,using the spatial econometric model,the direct and indirect effects(spatial spillover effects)of factors influencing the value of ecosystem services were analyzed.Finally,a panel threshold model was established to study the different degrees of influence of vegetation cover,the main influencing factor,on the value of ecosystem services under different rainfall levels.The following conclusions were drawn:(1)The value of ecosystem services in Northeast China increased from 273.44 to456.76 ten billion yuan(from 2000 to 2020),an increase of 67.04%.The value of ecosystem services in Northeast China shows an overall fluctuating trend of alternating increases and decreases,but the overall trend is up.Woodlands and grasslands provide most of the ecosystem service value in Northeast China.21-year period,the watershed has the largest increase in ecosystem service value and the wetland has the largest decrease in ecosystem service value.Among the service types,hydrological regulation and climate regulation accounted for a larger share.There is a strong positive spatial correlation in the value of ecosystem services in Northeast China.(2)Among the factors influencing the value of ecosystem services in Tohoku,economic density,temperature,and the proportion of tertiary industry have inhibiting effects on the value of ecosystem services in the region,while population density,vegetation cover,and rainfall have promoting effects on the value of ecosystem services in the region.Among them,vegetation cover has the greatest influence.(3)Economic density,rainfall,and temperature have significant spatial spillover effects.Specifically,economic density and rainfall in the region have a promoting effect on the value of ecosystem services in the surrounding areas,and temperature in the region has a suppressing effect on the value of ecosystem services in the surrounding areas.County ecosystem service values have positive spatial spillover effects.(4)When the rainfall is less than 331.76 mm,each unit increase in vegetation cover increases the ecosystem service value by 0.5007 units;when the rainfall is between331.76 and 504.72 mm,the promotion effect of vegetation cover on ecosystem service value decreases;and when the rainfall is greater than 504.72 mm,the effect of vegetation cover on ecosystem service value is reversed.(5)To establish a vertical and horizontal ecological compensation model,improve the vertical ecological compensation mechanism,increase support for areas with a higher value of ecosystem services according to the value of ecosystem services and the spatial overflow of influencing factors,and mobilize the enthusiasm of ecological protectors;Following the principle of "who benefits,who compensates;who protects,who receives compensation",we explore the establishment of an ecological protection compensation fund-raising model led by provincial or municipal finance and supported by county finance,realize horizontal transfer payments between counties,and establish a sound horizontal ecological protection compensation mechanism.Encourage ecological beneficiary areas to develop ecological industries in ecological protection areas,form ecological and environment-friendly industrial clusters coordinated with their resource and environmental characteristics,and promote the realization of ecosystem service values in ecological protection areas.(6)The counties are a community of ecological protection,and when formulating territorial spatial planning and restoration planning,the mutual influence between regions should be taken into account,and coordinated measures should be taken to achieve synergistic development between regions;vegetation restoration and protection should be strengthened,and water resource use should be reasonably planned to avoid over-exploitation and pollution;at the same time,different restoration measures should be taken according to different rainfall ranges.