Research On The Construction Of National Parks In America From 1960s To 1970s

At the end of the 19 th century,the development of industrialization and urbanization in the United States caused serious damage to the natural environment.Many conservationists began to call for the protection of the disappearing wilderness in the United States and the establishment of national parks on some "useless" and "no economic value" lands to preserve some spectacular natural landscapes for future generations.In 1872,the United States Congress passed the Yellowstone National Park Act,announcing the establishment of the first national park in the United States.In1916,the federal government was established to manage national parks.After that,a large number of national parks were established successively,and the national park system of the United States was expanded and improved.From the establishment of the Park Bureau to the 1960 s,the Park Administration mainly focused on the protection of the landscape value of natural resources in the management of national parks,trying to protect the national parks in a "intact" state,and at the same time through tourism development to attract tourists with constant origins into the national parks.This has brought about many impacts on the natural resources and ecological environment of the national park.After World War II,great changes took place in American society,including the growth of science and technology,the prosperity of economy and the arrival of the era of mass entertainment.At the same time,serious environmental problems also existed in American society and national parks.In the 1960 s,the modern environmental protection movement arose in the United States,which also prompted the Park Administration to achieve a breakthrough and transformation in the management of national parks.In the 1960 s and 1970 s,the park management began to reflect on the management policies of the previous 40 years,and paid more attention to scientific management in the formulation of management policies,and put it into practice in the management of natural resources and tourism.During this period,different management measures were also adopted in the aspects of environmental education and Indian policy.The concept of national park protection has been a more comprehensive and higher level of promotion.During this period,the construction of national parks laid the foundation for the improvement of national park management policies in the United States,restored and improved park ecology,raised public awareness of environmental protection and promoted the development of a more democratic American society.However,at the same time,there were also problems such as insufficient scientific research.