Study On Processing Technology And Key Equipment Of Rural Household Waste

With the rapid development of the national economy,rural living standards have been significantly improved,and the output of rural household garbage is increasing day by day,and the types are becoming more and more complex,which brings great resistance to the promotion of rural revitalization.Rural household waste has always been widely distributed,large volume,variety of characteristics,but also difficult to classify,recycling and utilization problems.In order to solve these problems and achieve the purpose of recycling and harmless treatment of rural household waste,this paper designed a set of efficient and applicable garbage step by step sorting process by measuring the nature and components of rural household waste on the basis of consulting a large number of relevant research literature at home and abroad,so as to classify and treat rural household waste and recycle it.The final product of this process was fine residue,which contains many kinds of organic matter and can be used to prepare organic fertilizer.In view of the problems of uneven mixing and low degree of automation of the current production equipment of organic fertilizer,the key equipment of waste treatment technology--continuous production equipment of rural household waste organic fertilizer was designed.The continuous production of organic fertilizer was carried out using the rural household waste residue obtained from waste treatment,and its key components were designed and analyzed.The main research contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)In view of the difficulty in sorting and recycling rural household waste,a set of efficient rural household waste treatment technology was designed by studying the nature and components of rural household waste: The classification and treatment of rural household waste were carried out through three steps of preliminary sorting,secondary sorting and deep sorting.The waste separated at each stage could be effectively recycled and utilized.The final product,fine residue,contains a variety of organic matters and could be used as raw materials to produce organic fertilizers.(2)The continuous production equipment of organic fertilizer,the key equipment of rural household waste treatment technology,was designed as a whole.The equipment was mainly composed of fermentation device,power device and feeding device.The impeller type auger was used in the fermentation unit instead of the spiral auger to improve the mixing efficiency while taking into account the conveying capacity.The whole three-layer structure was adopted,which not only saves space,but also effectively increases the mixing time.The upper layer was heated to sterilize(harmful bacteria),the middle layer was mixed with bacteria(fermenting bacteria),and the lower layer was continuously mixed to achieve the effect of fertilizer formation at one time.Organic fertilizer continuous production equipment can achieve a high degree of automation,continuous production.(3)The mixing mechanism of the key component of the continuous production equipment of organic fertilizer was optimized.In order to ensure the quality of the organic fertilizer produced,the material needs to be fully mixed in the equipment.To solve this problem,the paddle auger was used to transport materials instead of the screw auger.On the basis of referring to the existing hybrid research,the 3D modeling software Solid Works and discrete element simulation software EDEM were used to model and simulate the hybrid mechanism of key components.In the simulation process,by changing the angle and rotational speed of the paddle,the paper explores the best combination parameters suitable for mixing.The simulation analysis results show that when the paddle angle α is 45° and the paddle rotational speed n is 75 rpm,the material has both circumferential and axial motion,and the equipment power consumption is small,which is the optimal mixing parameter.(4)Based on the simulation analysis of the mixing process,the model of the mixing mechanism of key components is designed and made,and the bench test is carried out,and the particle mixing test is carried out.The analysis of the mixing test results shows that the results of the physical test and the simulation test are basically consistent,and meet the design requirements.The whole machine of rural household refuse organic fertilizer continuous production equipment was made a prototype,and the production test was carried out in the waste disposal site of Songbiao mining area,Dengfeng City,Henan province.The results showed that the components of the organic fertilizer continuous production equipment ran normally,the output per hour was 3 ~ 5t,the organic fertilizer after continuous mixed transportation was mixed with high uniformity,and met the mixing quality requirements.