The Mechanism And Effect Of Producer Services Agglomeration On Air Pollution

Strengthening urban air pollution control and continuously improving air quality are the internal requirements of practicing green development concept and promoting ecological civilization construction.Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the quality of ecological environment has been significantly improved,and urban air pollution has also been effectively alleviated.However,it is worth noting that the improvement of air pollution in most Chinese cities is not solid enough at the present stage,and its control and prevention work still faces great challenges.Therefore,how to take effective measures to renovate it more thoroughly becomes an unavoidable problem in the process of promoting green economic development with high quality.As a modern service industry separated from the manufacturing industry and developed independently,producer service industry has the typical characteristics of significant economies of scale,high technology content and knowledge intensity,and its spatial agglomeration development itself has the function of improving environmental quality.In addition,the agglomeration of producer services can significantly improve urban green total factor productivity and reduce air pollution emissions by promoting the improvement of green innovation level of manufacturing and industrial structure upgrading.Under the above background,it has important theoretical and practical significance to explore air pollution control measures deeply from the perspective of producer services agglomeration for improving the quality of ecological environment control and realizing effective haze control.In this paper,the nonlinear mechanism of producer services agglomeration on urban air pollution is systematically analyzed from the theoretical level,and the panel data of 278 cities at or above the prefecture level from 2005 to 2019 are taken as the research samples.The direct effect,heterogeneity effect,mechanism effect and threshold effect of green innovation and industrial upgrading between them are tested empirically by using dual fixed effect model.The results show that:(1)Overall,the diversified agglomeration of producer services has a significant promoting effect on urban air pollution,while the professional agglomeration of producer services has an inverted U-shaped relationship with air pollution.(2)Heterogeneity analysis shows that the diversified agglomeration of producer services has a significant inhibitory effect on the air pollution of western cities,second-class big cities,small and medium-sized cities and non-resource-based cities.The influence of producer services on the air pollution of eastern and central cities presents an inverted U-shaped relationship,and it has a U-shaped relationship with the air pollution of cities in northeast China and aggravates the air pollution at the present stage.The effect of specialized agglomeration on air pollution in the northeast,resource-based cities and small and medium-sized cities is consistent with the conclusion of the whole sample,showing an inverted U-shaped feature.However,the degree of agglomeration has not yet passed the inflection point and is still in the stage of worsening pollution.(3)Mechanism test results show that green innovation is an important channel for producer services agglomeration to inhibit urban air pollution,but industrial structure upgrading only plays an intermediary role in the process of diverse agglomeration modes to inhibit urban air pollution.(4)Threshold effect test results show that with the improvement of urban green innovation level,the effect of producer services specialization agglomeration on air pollution gradually changes from aggravating effect at the initial stage to inhibiting effect.Although the diversified agglomeration model always has the pollution reduction effect,the effect is gradually weakened under the intervention of green innovation and industrial structure upgrading.Finally,this paper puts forward the following suggestions:(1)Local governments should scientifically plan and optimize the deployment to promote the high-quality agglomeration development of producer services;(2)Different cities should formulate differentiated producer services development strategies based on their own development stages and industrial bases;(3)Attach importance to the positive role of green innovation in the process of pollution reduction and emission reduction;(4)Relying on the modern service industry,promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure,and control pollution and emissions at the source.