Ecological Land Use Optimization Based On Ecosystem Service Value Assessment

Today in modern society,with the unreasonable reclamation and utilization of land by human beings,a series of land use behaviors against the objective law have appeared,which seriously threaten the ecological security of the region.Ecological land has significant advantages such as regulating regional microclimate,saving water,providing necessary basic functions,and increasing spatial landscape types.It has become an important part of the complex system of urban society,economy and nature.Using the evaluation method of ecosystem service value,we selected Hengshui City as the study area to analyze the changes of ecological land and ecosystem service value in the three periods of 2010,2014 and 2018.Based on the perspective of county,this paper uses the evaluation method of ecological security,constructs the evaluation index system,evaluates the ecological land of each district and county in Hengshui city,divides the ecological land into different regional safety levels according to the evaluation results,and puts forward the optimization strategy of ecological land for the region.The result of research shows that:(1)From 2010 to 2018,the ecological land use in Hengshui City decreased from139,039.21 hectares to 130,407.09 hectares.In the whole study area,the area of garden land decreased the most,followed by water area and wetland,and the area of grassland was the least.From the perspective of land use transfer,Hengshui City in the study area had varying degrees of transfer and transfer of all types of ecological land from 2010 to 2014,indicating that area conversion was frequent during this period.In 2014-2018,the transfer and transfer were equal,indicating that the area was relatively stable during this period.(2)By calculating the value of ecosystem service,it can be concluded that the value of ecosystem service in Hengshui in 2010,2014 and 2018 is eighty-one hundred and eighty-one billion yuan or eighty hundred and twenty-four billion yuan or seventy-seven hundred and thirty-four billion yuan respectively,showing a decreasing trend in general.Although the ecosystem service value of water and wetland decreased from forty-five hundred and sevevtyfour billion yuan to forty-three hundred and seventy-one billion yuan in the three periods,it was the largest among the four types of land.The second is the garden;The ecosystem service value of grassland was the smallest,only one hundred and eighty-four million yuan in 2018,indicating that grassland played a small role in the ecosystem service value.In terms of spatial correlation,the ESV in Hengshui showed a negative spatial correlation,and the spatial difference gradually decreased with time.IV(3)From the county perspective,although the ecosystem service value has been reduced throughout the study period,Shenzhou City,located in the northwest of Hengshui City,has a large area of garden land,water area and wetland,and its ecosystem service value has been very high,reaching fourteen hundred and forty-five billion yuan in 2018.It is necessary to protect the existing ecological land.The second is Jizhou District in the southwest of Hengshui City;The area of ecological land in Wuqiang County is small,mainly including garden land and forest land,and the value of ecosystem services is only two hundred and seventy-four billion yuan by 2018.In the future,the area of ecological land should be increased by establishing a sound forestry ecological system and strengthening the management of garden land,and carrying out moderate agglomeration according to the principle of suitability,so as to improve the value of ecosystem services.(4)Throughout the whole study period,the ecological security coefficient of Hengshui City has generally increased and decreased.From the perspective of changes,the ecological security coefficient of Taocheng City has an upward trend,increasing from 0.143 in 2010 to0.195 in 2018,an increase of 0.051;The ecological security factor of Shenzhou decreased by0.020 from 0.915 in 2010 to 0.895 in 2014,and then increased to 0.908 in 2018,showing an overall upward trend.The ecological security coefficient of Wuyi,Raoyang,Fucheng and Jizhou District increased first and then decreased.The ecological security coefficient of Jizhou District increased from 0.761 in 2010 to 0.767 in 2014,with an increase of 0.006,and then showed a turning point to 0.762 in 2018,with a decrease of 0.005.The ecological security coefficient of Zaoqiang County,Wuqiang County,Anping County,Gucheng County and Jing County all showed a decreasing trend,among which the ecological security coefficient of Raoyang County decreased the most from 2014 to 2018,decreasing by 0.043.Anping County remained the least in the three periods and was only 0.018 in 2018,indicating that the ecosystem was more fragile and at greater risk.Corresponding optimization measures should be proposed to prevent risks.(5)Selected the ecological security coefficient of each district and county in Hengshui City in 2018,and divided it into three construction areas according to the average level: the ecological construction area,including Taocheng District,Wuqiang County,Raoyang County,Jingxian County,Anping County and Gucheng County,accounting for 40.55% of the total area of ecological land in Hengshui City.The ecological land in this region is relatively weak,the foundation is poor,and the woodland is relatively small.Therefore,forest land is the focus of regional optimization;The ecological restoration area,including Zaoqiang County,Wuyi County and Fucheng County,accounted for 24.13% of the total area of ecological land in Hengshui City.The ecology of this area was greatly affected by human intervention.In particular,the development of garden only focused on economic benefits,while ignoring ecological benefits,resulting in the degradation of land ecological functions.Ecological conservation areas,including Jizhou District and Shenzhou City,account for 35.32% of the total area of ecological land in Hengshui City.The natural ecosystem in this region is well protected,but due to the large population,the damage to ecological land is serious,especially the water area and wetland,which threaten the safety of the water area ecosystem in Hengshui City.Therefore,the water area and wetland are the focus of optimization in this region.