| The ticket gates installed at the entrance and exit are the necessary transportation facilities for passengers to travel at the station.The movement of pedestrians through the gate becomes orderly,but there will be deceleration and waiting behavior,especially in the event of an emergency,it is easy to form congestion at the gate.Therefore,it is a subject of scientific research value and practical significance to study how to improve pedestrian evacuation efficiency and reduce pedestrian congestion near the gate.This paper is devoted to studying the influence of different types of diversion devices installed in the passageway in front of the gate on the pedestrian movement characteristics,through the controlled experiment to explore the density of pedestrians,speed,flow changes,and evacuation efficiency,from the quantitative and qualitative aspects of crowd congestion level analysis.The experiment of personnel evacuation was carried out under the condition of a single exit in straight channel and multiple exits in right Angle channel.In the study,two kinds of diversion devices were mainly used:safety barriers and shunt piles.The PeTrack software is used to track the video to obtain pedestrian movement data in various scenarios.Then,the Voronoi diagram method is used to calculate the basic parameters of pedestrian density,speed,and so on in the specified area.The influence of the diversion devices on pedestrian movement characteristics is analyzed,and the change in pedestrian evacuation efficiency under different diversion devices is compared.The main conclusions of the study are:1)In the experiment,it is found that each type of diversion device has an optimal position that can effectively shorten the evacuation time of pedestrians.In the experiment of a single exit in straight channel,when set in a reasonable position,the safety barriers can shorten the total evacuation time of pedestrians by 9.86%(2.5 m away from exit),and the shunt piles can shorten by 12.28%(2.0 m away from exit).In the multiple exits in right Angle channel,when the diversion device is set at 15°,the evacuation time of pedestrians is shortened by 2.60%and 6.55%by both safety barriers and shunt piles.However,diversion devices may also have negative effects.In the single exit in straight channel experiment,the evacuation time of the diversion devices 1.0 m and 0.5 m in front of exit is extended by 2.10%and 8.27%;in the multiple exits in right Angle channel experiment,the evacuation time is extended by 4.09%and 6.51%when the diversion device is set in the diagonal area.2)The experimental results of a single exit in straight channel show that the diversion devices can improve the safety of pedestrians before the exit in the later stage of evacuation,reduce the congestion level in the later stage,and make the pedestrian movement more orderly;The diversion devices can be placed closer to exit(within 2.0 m),and the safety barriers can reduce the congestion level better than the shunt piles.3)The results of the multiple exits in right Angle channel experiment show that the space utilization rate of the right-angle area is 52.28%on average in the safety barriers scenario,53.32%in the shunt piles scenario,and 37.33%in the absence of the diversion device.According to the statistics of the nearest distance between the pedestrian and the device,the average value of the safety barriers under the working condition is 26.96%larger than that of the shunt piles,and the repulsion of the pedestrian to the shunt piles is small.At the same time,the shunt piles are more flexible and convenient,indicating that the effect of the shunt piles is better than that of the safety barriers.In summary,this paper studies the influence of the diversion device in front of exit on the evacuation movement and quantifies the effect of the diversion device on evacuation efficiency,congestion level,and spatial distribution characteristics,which can provide data support for the layout optimization of the diversion device in front of exit and provide theoretical guidance for pedestrian movement management. |
