| The efficiency of industrial ecology is characterized by the ratio of industrial output value to the environmental pressure it causes,emphasizing the maximization of industrial economic output with the least resource and environmental input,while generating the least pollution emissions.As industrial ecological efficiency can effectively measure the balance between economic development,environmental protection,and resource conservation,exploring industrial ecological efficiency is of great significance for transforming industrial development methods and achieving sustainable development.In order to effectively guide the rational development of industrial activities at the macro scale,in recent years,the research perspective of industrial ecological efficiency has shifted to the macro regional level,and the research achievements in this field of geography,which is good at regional and spatial analysis,have increased rapidly.China is currently in the stage of rapid industrialization and the period of ecological civilization development led by national strategies.The urgency of improving industrial ecological efficiency has made it the main battlefield for research on industrial ecological efficiency at the macro regional scale.However,the existing research results on industrial ecological efficiency at the regional scale in China are mainly carried out at the spatial scale of the country,urban agglomeration,or administrative region,and there has been no in-depth exploration for different types of industrial regions.Although the field of geography focuses on the spatiotemporal differentiation and influencing factors of industrial ecological efficiency within a region,the analysis of influencing factors is too simple,This is not conducive to in-depth exploration of the formation mechanism and more targeted proposal of management strategies.Among the numerous types of industrial regions in China,Northeast China is a traditional old industrial base with obvious regional characteristics in terms of industrial development stage and industrial ecological efficiency.This article selects Northeast China as the research case area,following the research paradigm of geography,and uses the super SBM model to measure the industrial ecological efficiency level of 34 cities in Northeast China,revealing the development and evolution process of the spatiotemporal pattern of industrial ecological efficiency in Northeast China from 2004 to 2019;Furthermore,a spatiotemporal and geographically weighted model is used to conduct in-depth analysis of the influencing factors of the spatiotemporal pattern evolution of industrial ecological efficiency in Northeast China;Finally,the spatial Durbin model was used to decompose and analyze the spatial effects of factors affecting industrial ecological efficiency in Northeast China.This article aims to provide research results on special types of industrial regions(old industrial bases)for the theoretical research system of regional industrial ecological efficiency,and to provide a basis for the mode selection and path design of accelerating high-quality economic development,coordinating industrial economy and ecological environment development in such regions.The main research conclusions of this article are as follows:(1)Based on the theory of human land relationship,sustainable development,the first law of geography,and the second law of geography,a measurement index system for industrial ecological efficiency of prefecture level cities in Northeast China was constructed,which includes two parts: input index and output index,and includes 8 specific indicators.(2)Analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of industrial ecological efficiency in Northeast China.In terms of time changes,the overall industrial ecological efficiency in Northeast China has shown a downward trend,with the average of 34 cities decreasing from 0.675 to 0.612.The number of cities with high levels of industrial ecological efficiency has significantly decreased,while the number of cities with low levels has significantly increased,and the development gap between cities within the region has widened;In terms of spatial pattern,the difference in industrial ecological efficiency in the northeast region decreases in the east-west direction,while the differentiation in the north-south direction increases.The industrial ecological efficiency in the central region gradually becomes the highest in the entire region.From the perspective of spatial correlation,the distribution of industrial ecological efficiency in Northeast China has shifted from strong randomness to spatial dependence.After 2017,the spatial autocorrelation characteristics of industrial ecological efficiency have stabilized.Since 2017,the industrial ecological efficiency in Northeast China has shown stable spatial autocorrelation characteristics.Local spatial autocorrelation is mainly in the L-H type concentration areas in the eastern mountainous areas and the L-L type concentration areas in central and southern Liaoning.The number of H-H and H-L types is relatively small,and the trend of H-H type cities transforming into H-L type cities is obvious.The spatial spillover effect of high-level cities is showing positive development.(3)By using a spatiotemporal and geographically weighted regression model,regression analysis was conducted on the various influencing factors of industrial ecological efficiency in Northeast China.The degree of influence of each influencing factor on industrial ecological efficiency in Northeast China is significantly different,while the degree of influence on economic development level is relatively weak;Overall,technology investment,industrial agglomeration intensity,and environmental regulations have a positive promoting effect on the improvement of industrial ecological efficiency,while economic extroversion has a negative impact.The high value areas of technology investment and industrial agglomeration intensity are significantly concentrated in the central region,and government regulations focus on ecological protected areas and ecologically sensitive areas.Economic extroversion has a significant positive impact on the two major urban agglomerations in the central region,thus improving the level of industrial ecological efficiency in Northeast China,Differentiation measures should be taken based on the actual situation of each city.(4)Analyze the spatial spillover effects of influencing factors on industrial ecological efficiency in Northeast China through spatial econometric models.After LM test,Hausman test,LR test,and Wald test,the fixed effect space Durbin model was determined to be used.By estimating different fixed effect models,it was found that the time fixed effect model had the best significance,and it was decided to choose a time fixed effect model for decomposition.The spatial spillover effects of various influencing factors on industrial ecological efficiency in Northeast China vary,and the connection between economic development level and industrial ecological efficiency is close but the degree of impact is low;The investment in science and education has significant positive direct effects and negative indirect effects,which have a significant promoting effect on the industrial ecological efficiency of oneself and a strong inhibitory effect on neighboring cities;The direct effect of economic extroversion is not significant,but the indirect effect is significant,playing a driving role in neighboring areas;The direct and indirect effects of industrial agglomeration are very significant,and they have a significant driving effect on neighboring cities. |
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