| The high-quality economic development of China needs to attach importance to resources and the environment and transform the driving force for development.Green development and innovation-driven development are scientific concepts and development modes that promote sustainable economic development.Green innovation integrates two development concepts which are "green" and "innovation",and it becomes an important way for regions and enterprises to achieve long-term development.At present,northeast China is faced with severe development problems,so it is of great significance to research the efficiency of green innovation in this region to transform the development impetus and improve the environmental benefits.Firstly,this study uses the super-efficiency SBM-DEA model with non-expected output and the GML index method to measure the efficiency and total factor efficiency of green innovation in 34 cities of northeast China from 2009 to 2017.Secondly,this study analyzes the time evolution characteristics of green innovation efficiency.Thirdly,the spatial pattern evolution of green innovation efficiency is analyzed by means of natural fracture point classification,global trend analysis,center of gravity and standard deviation ellipse.Finally,the Tobit regression model is used to analyze the influencing factors of green innovation efficiency in northeast China.The results are as follows:(1)From 2009 to 2017,the overall level of green innovation efficiency of cities in northeast China was low,and fewer cities had an efficiency value greater than 1.(2)In terms of time evolution,the overall green innovation efficiency is on the rise,and the imbalance between cities is larger in the early stage and smaller in the later stage.The mean change of green innovation efficiency of cities in Heilongjiang,Jilin and Liaoning provinces is roughly the same as the change of the overall mean.In terms of cities,the time evolution trend of green innovation efficiency of cities can be roughly divided into several types: first fluctuation and then increase;first increase,then decrease and finally increase;there are abnormal prominent values and other changes.This study decomposes the GML index into technical efficiency(EC)index and technical progress(TC)index.It was found that the EC value of most cities was greater than or equal to 1,indicating that these cities could make full use of the existing technology.The TC value of all 34 cities is greater than 1,indicating that their technologies are developing and improving.The contribution of technological progress to the growth of green innovation efficiency of most cities in northeast China is greater than that of technology utilization efficiency.(3)The spatial distribution of urban green innovation efficiency in northeast China is unbalanced,and the distribution pattern is constantly changing.There are generally two relatively high value clusters in the north and the south.From southwest to northeast,the high and low value regions alternate with each other.The results of global trend analysis show that from 2009 to 2012,the distribution trend changes from west high to east low,south high to north low,east high to west low,north high to south low.After 2012,the latter distribution trend decreases and the spatial differentiation decreases.From 2009 to 2017,the center of gravity of green innovation efficiency moved along the northeast--northwest--southwest--northeast direction,and the angle of standard deviational ellipse varies in the range of 41.55° ~ 46.84°.(4)The regression results of Tobit model are as follows: The level of economic development and the transformation and optimization of industrial structure have significant positive effects on improving the efficiency of green innovation;The level of information technology plays little role in promoting the efficiency of green innovation.The intensity of environmental regulation and the level of urban opening have obvious negative effects.(5)In order to promote green innovation efficiency in northeast China,this study put forward some policy suggestions.They are as follows: improve the modern industrial system;Accelerate the flow of information elements;The government adopts environmental regulation policy reasonably;Making full use of existing technology;Optimize the environment for green innovation;Adjust measures to local conditions and so on. |
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